1. I think US court system does recognized judgements from china ( I heard). if you haven't yet got a judgment, you need to file thru civil court where he resides.
2. no need SSN, full name and copies of password should be fine.
3. attorney.
4. attorney fee? 10-200k, time frame? 1 to 5 years, yes you can pursue a claim on attorney's fee, but I can tell you, collection rate in the country is about 10%.
---->>> not an attorney, not offering any legal advises, just pure IMHO...