judges use a lot of the same tools to gather evidence of statutory meaning, as followed:
- Judges often begin by looking at the ordinary meaning of the statutory text.
- Courts interpret specific provisions by looking at the broader statutory context.
- Judges may turn to the canons of construction, which are guides and presumptions about how courts ordinarily read statutes.
- Courts may look at the legislative history of a provision.
- Judges may consider how a statute has been implemented.