美國一位高級外交官員表示，針對俄羅斯參與烏克蘭危機的製裁，在有關烏克蘭的不斷遭到破壞的停火協議徹底落實之前，不會停止。
A top U.S. diplomat says sanctions against Russia for its role in the Ukraine crisis will remain in place until a long-violated truce agreement is fully honored.
之所以選用這句話，是因為看到原文，發現每個詞用的真是地道，比如經常聽到“remain”這個詞，“fully honored”，沒想到honored也可以用在這樣的情景中，學習了。對了，上次的“oriented”的重音在“o“音節，而我原來以為是在第二個音節，所以老美沒聽懂：）
@@@@@
語法反複用及揣摩才可以孰能生巧，所以，因為看到a long-violated truce agreement，過去分詞做定語，簡潔明了，所以這次還是鞏固分詞：
【語法補補課】 分詞（ZT) http://bbs.wenxuecity.com/mysj/114094.html?backPage=0&backSubid=shiyongyingyu
| 分詞
1．分詞的性質：
具有形容詞性質，可以在句中擔任表語、定語、賓補、狀語，現在分詞表示主動，且動作在進行：過去分詞表示被動，或動作已完成。
2．分詞的形式：
例： write (vt) rise (vi)
主動語態 被動語態 主動 過去分詞
時態
現在時 writing being written rising risen /
完成時 having written having been written having risen /
3．分詞的用法：
（1）定語 分詞置於被修飾名詞前
分詞短語於置於被修飾名詞後
a sleeping baby = a baby who is sleeping
a running dog = a dog which is running
a broken glass = a glass which is broken
a beaten team = a team which is beaten（beaten 是被打敗的意思）
This is the problem discussed at the last meeting.
The problem being discussed is very important.
（2）表語：The book is interesting.
He is interested in the book.
The news is exciting.
He feels excited.
（3）賓語補足語：
When I woke up, I found my mother sitting beside me.
I'd like to havethis package weighed.
掌握精髓：動詞不定式作賓語表示動作的全過程，而現在分詞作賓補表示動作正在進行；過去分詞表示被動概念。
（4）狀語：（以下例句值得一背！）
① If you turn to the left, you'll find the station.
→ Turning to the left, you'll find the station.
② As I didn't receive her letter, I called her up by telephone.
→ Not receiving her letter, I called her up by telephone.
③ While I was walking to school yesterday morning, I met a friend.
→ Walking to school yesterday morning, I met a friend.
④ When she was asked it she had any bad habit, she answeredthat she was a heavy smoker.
→ Asked if she had any bad habit, she answered that she was a heavy smoker.
你知道嗎？注意：在運用此類句型時主語前後要保持一致。
① Whenschool was over, the boys went home.
→ Being over, the boys went home. ×
School being over, the boys went home. √
② As my homework has been done, I have nothing else to do.
→ My homework having been done, I have nothing else to do.
③ Ifweather permits, I'll start tomorrow.
→ Weather permitting, I'll start tomorrow.
④ I fwe judge from his face, he must be ill.
→ Judging from his face, he must be ill.（這裏應該是 we judging ...，但若主語是we, one, you表示“一般人”，主語可省略）
實際上，這裏涉及到獨立主格結構問題，以後在作分解！
4．分詞的時態：
現在分詞一般時表示此動作與主句謂語動詞同時發生。
現在分詞完成時表示此動作在主句謂語動詞之前發生。
Entering the room, hesaw he. （幾乎同時）
Not having tried his best, he failed in the exam. （分詞動作在前）
5．語態：現在分詞一般時被動表動作正在被進行，完成時被動強調分詞所表示的動作先被完成。
The ships being loaded and unloaded belong to us.
Having been warned of typhoon, the fishermen sailed for the nearest harbor.（漁民先被告知而後駛向港口）
轉自：http://www.qiewo.com/html/20100301/32727.html
PS. 愚公給了現在分詞和動名詞的區別鏈接，見下：
http://www.360doc.com/content/10/0310/16/575410_18250454.shtml
