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10. The Importance of Scientific Experiments

The rise of modern science may perhas be considered to date as far back as the time of Roger Bacon,
the wonderful Monk and philosopher of Oxford, who lived between the years of 1214 and 1292.

He was probably first in the Middle Ages to assert that we must learn science by observing and experimenting on the things around us and
he himself made many remarkable discoveries.

Galileo, however, who lived more than 300 years later, 1564 to 1642, was the greatest of the serveral greatest men, who in Italy, French,
Germany, or England began by degrees to show how many important truths could be discovered by well directed observations.

Before the time of Galileo, learned men belived that larger bodies fall more rapidly toward the earth than smaller ones because Aristotle said so.

But Galileo, going to the top of the leaning Tower of Pisa, let fall two unequal stones and proved to some friends, whom he brough here to see his experiment, that Aristotle's was an error. 

It's Galileo's spirit of going directly to nature and verifying our opions and theories by experiment that led to all the greatest discoveries of modern science.