Meiji central and local governments had inherited a tax regime that put at their disposal a fraction of national output that was unusually high for a pre-industrial society, an average during the late Tokugawa period of some 20%. From 1880 to 1920, central and local government expenditures took 14% of GDP, the largest single component going to the military, which in the three successive decades after 1890, absorbed 34%, 48% and 41% of total government outlays respectively.
日本到二戰時鋼鐵生產能力已經達到每年1千萬噸,是中國的20倍以上(東北的工業是日本軍工的一部分,蔣丟掉東北罪惡極大)。