個人經驗和看法。
扣除deposit還有一千多的賬單,看來這個counter的價值超過3000塊。價值超過3000塊的counter會是木質的嗎?如果是雲石counter,醬油可以損壞雲石嗎?如果隻是損壞了雲石邊上的sealant,修復sealant要3000塊嗎?如果counter是engineering wood,價值會超過3000塊嗎?這些問題竟然沒人問。我猜是原來的是木質plywood counter,房東換了雲石counter但企圖要房客買單。
加州的law是偏幫住客到變態程度的地方。房東告房客除非真的是100%毫無質疑性才有可能贏。房客倒是隨便找個勉強的理由就可以了。
第一點- deposit
除非租約上有寫明房東可以用depoist來扣除未交的房租或損壞的物品,否則就算房客欠了房租8個月後搬走,房東也必須在房客搬走的21天內還depoist給房客。不得用depoist來against欠的房租。房東隻可以先還了deposit再另外file case來追欠的8個月租。Property damage也是一樣,租約上要是沒有寫deposit可有作這用途,房東也必須先還depoist再另外file court case來追討。
第二點 - Damange
如果租約有寫明可以用depoist來扣除欠款或維修費用,房客也隻應該支付original的修復費用。如果房東安裝original的counter時的費用是800塊,那麼房客damage後也隻會賠償不超過800塊。前提是房東必須證明orginal cost是800塊。
如果我是房客,我會立刻到small claim court裡file case,告房東逾期未歸還deposit。案子到了庭上,隻需告訴法官我搬離的日期。法官大概隻會問兩個問題。
1. 房東為什麼還沒還deposit。如果房東拉到damage的問題上,法官就會問第二個問題。
2. 房東有沒有file另外一個case來索償。如果房東答沒有,法官大概就會宣布房東敗訴,必須立刻歸還depoist,因為法官對這case隻看law,就是房東有沒有在法定21天內還deposit,其他事情不在考慮之內。如果房東答有,那麼法官就會問我是否願意將房東索償的case和我索要depoist的case一起審理。我當然會堅持獨立審理。。。
如果房東file SMC case向我索償的話,我會在庭上問這幾個問題。
1. Did you repair the counter by the same or idential meterial with the origianl counter?
2. Can you present and prove of the original cost such as receipt or invoice to the judge?
3. 如果房東無法出示original cost document,我會直接對法官說“your honor, the plaintiff is not able to prove the orginal cost of the counter. since plaintiff may have used different and much expensive meterial or uneccseesory repair method that could result in much higher cost, it's unfair for me to pay a repair without knowing the orginal meterial and consturction cost".
4. 如果房東真的連orginal counter安裝的單據都拿來了,我會要求查看是否與他索償的金額一樣或差不多。如果索償金額比original cost多5%或以上的話,我會說“your honor, the plaintiff has used different meterial and different construction method that result higher cost than the origianl cost. I don't thing it's fairfull for me to pay a significant different repair method with higher cost." 如果法官或房東對我的說法有質疑,我會反問“if the original counter was made by cheap plywood, and the plantiff replaced it with high grade granite, is it fair for me to pay for such repair?"
加州的SMC是one time deal。 如果房東到SMC索償,房東一心想要得到他的recent repair cost大概就隻會帶上新的repair的單據。隻要房東無法在庭上出具original counter的cost單據,房東幾乎是100%敗訴。房東一但在SMC敗訴,就算他回家找到了舊的單據都沒有可能再提告。
Anyway, bottom line是必須令索回deposist和房東索償分別處理。