轉發一篇三年多前發在Nature上的文章，幫助了解mRNA疫苗的發展和應用

mRNA vaccines — a new era in vaccinology

https://www.nature.com/articles/nrd.2017.243

（這篇文章寫於2017年，標誌著mRNA疫苗技術已經趨於成熟完善，進入到了實際應用新階段）

（其中提到，直接打入血行的，主要以肝細胞為靶標；而皮內、皮下、肌肉注射的，在注射位點起作用。）

Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have become one of the most appealing and commonly used mRNA delivery tools. LNPs often consist of four components: an ionizable cationic lipid, which promotes self-assembly into virus-sized (~100 nm) particles and allows endosomal release of mRNA to the cytoplasm; lipid-linked polyethylene glycol (PEG), which increases the half-life of formulations; cholesterol, a stabilizing agent; and naturally occurring phospholipids, which support lipid bilayer structure. Numerous studies have demonstrated efficient in vivosiRNA delivery by LNPs (reviewed in Ref. 81), but it has only recently been shown that LNPs are potent tools for in vivo delivery of self-amplifying RNA19 and conventional, non-replicating mRNA21. Systemically delivered mRNA–LNP complexes mainly target the liver owing to binding of apolipoprotein E and subsequent receptor-mediated uptake by hepatocytes82, and intradermal, intramuscular and subcutaneous administration have been shown to produce prolonged protein expression at the site of the injection21,22. The mechanisms of mRNA escape into the cytoplasm are incompletely understood, not only for artificial liposomes but also for naturally occurring exosomes83. Further research into this area will likely be of great benefit to the field of therapeutic RNA delivery.

 

 

多餘的話：

前人栽樹 後人乘涼。一種技術的成熟和應用，積於前人不懈的努力。

mRNA疫苗經曆了三十年的發展，才有了目前的大規模應用，成了對抗疫情的利器。

對於科學問題，首先要有一個科學態度：擺事實、講道理，言出有據。

搞笑、科幻、猜想、夢境，請標明“周末娛樂”。

 

所有跟帖： 

• 應該相信生物、材料多領域學者的工作。脂質納米顆粒可靶向運送多種RNA 如 mRNA、siRNA 到不同的髒器。 -賭城看客- ♂ (0 bytes) () 05/19/2021 postreply 12:55:20

• 與應用途徑有關，打在組織中的，很難轉移到血行。還有脂質體的成份，決定了組織細胞親和性，這也是p和m苗反應不同的根本原因 -fuz- ♂ (0 bytes) () 05/19/2021 postreply 14:04:41

• 是，昨天那篇“有效殲滅99.9%新冠...”的文章就是用脂質納米顆粒將siRNA 送到肺部去切割病毒的 RNA。 -賭城看客- ♂ (0 bytes) () 05/19/2021 postreply 15:54:40