2019年阿奇黴素治療流感實驗，發現 : 1. 預先用阿奇黴素處理病毒，發現不影響流感病毒附著於細胞，但抑製細胞內吞，阻止病毒進入細胞；2. 新生的病毒從細胞溢出時被改變，降低了新生病毒進入其他細胞的能力。
流感病毒和新冠病毒 Covid-19 不屬於同一類病毒，但都有外包脂質膜。法國醫生用阿奇黴素配合治療 Covid -19，可能是懷疑有類似抑製作用。
以前的科研積累是重要的，無法彎道超車。日本人嚴格、踏實、兢兢業業，值得中國人學習。
Azithromycin, a 15-membered macrolide antibiotic, inhibits influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus infection by interfering with virus internalization process
Dat Huu Tran, Ryuichi Sugamata, Tomoyasu Hirose, et. al.
The Journal of Antibiotics vol 72, p759–768(2019) , Published: 12 July 2019, https://www.nature.com/articles/s41429-019-0204-x
Abstract
The pandemic influenza 2009 (A(H1N1)pdm09) virus currently causes seasonal and annual epidemic outbreaks. The widespread use of anti-influenza drugs such as neuraminidase and matrix protein 2 (M2) channel inhibitors has resulted in the emergence of drug-resistant influenza viruses. In this study, we aimed to determine the anti-influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus activity of azithromycin, a re-positioned macrolide antibiotic with potential as a new anti-influenza candidate, and to elucidate its underlying mechanisms of action. We performed in vitro and in vivo studies to address this. Our in vitro approaches indicated that progeny virus replication was remarkably inhibited by treating viruses with azithromycin before infection; however, azithromycin administration after infection did not affect this process. We next investigated the steps inhibited by azithromycin during virus invasion. Azithromycin did not affect attachment of viruses onto the cell surface, but blocked internalization into host cells during the early phase of infection. We further demonstrated that azithromycin targeted newly budded progeny virus from the host cells and inactivated their endocytic activity. This unique inhibitory mechanism has not been observed for other anti-influenza drugs, indicating the potential activity of azithromycin before and after influenza virus infection. Considering these in vitro observations, we administered azithromycin intranasally to mice infected with A(H1N1)pdm09 virus. Single intranasal azithromycin treatment successfully reduced viral load in the lungs and relieved hypothermia, which was induced by infection. Our findings indicate the possibility that azithromycin could be an effective macrolide for the treatment of human influenza.
