【研究】坐過山車能有效排出腎結石
坐過山車有益健康也有科學依據了
2016/10/16 11:25
一項最新研究顯示，排出讓人痛苦的腎結石可能隻需要坐過山車那麽簡單。
來自密歇根州立大學的研究人員稱，坐過山車排出腎結石的成功率達70%。
這項研究的領頭人David Wartinger表示，他最初是聽很多人說坐完過山車之後排出了腎結石，
於是對這件事非常好奇。
“有一些病人告訴我，他們在迪士尼樂園坐了過山車之後體內的一粒腎結石就排出去了”， Wartinger說道。“甚至還有一位患者說他在坐了多次過山車之後排出去3粒結石。”
為了檢驗他們說的話是不是真的，Wartinger製作了一個“用於驗證的3D空心腎模型，裏麵有3粒小於4毫米的腎結石”。
他把模型放入背包，之後這個背包坐了20次奧蘭多迪士尼巨雷山的過山車。
“在這個探索性研究中，坐在過山車最後一排排出腎結石的成功率為64%，而坐在頭幾排隻有16%”，Wartinger說道。
不是所有過山車都有效
在接下來的研究中，多位研究者帶著多個腎模型坐了同一趟過山車。坐在過山車靠後的位置時，排出結石的成功率達到70%。
研究人員還表示，如果結石位於腎模型的上部，則排出的幾率為100%。
然而不是所有過山車都有同樣的效果。
“總的來說，我們用了174個不同形狀、尺寸和重量的腎模型，來看是不是每個模型都能在上麵提到的過山車和其他兩個過山車排出腎結石”，Wartinger說道。“巨雷山過山車是唯一有效的一個。我們還嚐試了‘飛越太空山’和史密斯飛船的搖滾過山車，都失敗了。”
Wartinger表示其他的過山車都“太快太猛”，會使得結石釘在腎髒上。
“最理想的過山車是比較顛簸的，速度快的，有一些翻滾和轉彎，但是沒有頭朝下的動作”，他說道。
美國每年約有30萬人因為腎結石進急診室。
鼓勵每年都坐過山車
腎結石一個常見的治療方式是碎石，把較大的結石打碎，但是Wartinger表示這可能會導致出現更多的結石。
“問題在於碎石會在腎髒內留下殘餘部分，而這可能導致另一塊結石出現”，Wartinger說道。“阻止這個潛在情況發生的最好的辦法就是在碎石治療之後去坐過山車，在那些殘餘部分還比較小的時候。”
Wartinger還表示，每年都坐過山車可以預防腎結石變大。
“當然了，你要注意坐過山車前的那些警告提示”，他建議道，“如果你有腎結石，但是身體其他方麵都很健康，符合乘坐過山車的要求，那病人確實應該試一試。這是一種成本非常低的替代治療方案。”
該研究發表在美國骨科協會的雜誌上。
（譯者：王夢堯；編輯：陳升龍）
原文如下：
A new study claims riding a roller coaster can help pass painful kidney stones.
Passing a painful kidney stone may be as simple as taking a ride on a roller coaster, according to new research.
Researchers from Michigan State University say riding helps patients pass the stones with a 70 percent success rate.
David Wartinger, who led the study, says he was initially intrigued after hearing many stories of people who’d passed stones after a roller coaster ride.
“Basically, I had patients telling me that after riding a particular roller coaster at Walt Disney World, they were able to pass their kidney stone,” Wartinger said. “I even had one patient say he passed three different stones after riding multiple times.”
To test whether these claims were true, Wartinger used “a validated, synthetic 3D model of a hollow kidney complete with three kidney stones no larger than 4 millimeters inserted into the replica.”
He then placed the model into a backpack, which was then put on the Big Thunder Mountain roller coaster for 20 rides.
“In the pilot study, sitting in the last car of the roller coaster showed about a 64 percent passage rate, while sitting in the first few cars only had a 16 percent success rate,” Wartinger said.
Not all coasters equal
In an expanded study, multiple researchers rode the same ride with multiple kidney models. When sitting in the back of the roller coaster, the success rate of passing the stones was 70 percent.
Stones located in the upper chamber of the model kidney were passed at a 100 percent, researchers said.
Not all roller coasters appeared equally effective, however.
“In all, we used 174 kidney stones of varying shapes, sizes and weights to see if each model worked on the same ride and on two other roller coasters,” Wartinger said. “Big Thunder Mountain was the only one that worked. We tried Space Mountain and Aerosmith’s Rock ‘n’ Roller Coaster and both failed.”
Wartinger said the other rides were “too fast and too violent,” and caused the stones to be pinned to the side of the kidney.
“The ideal coaster is rough and quick with some twists and turns, but no upside down or inverted movements,” he said.
Around 300,000 people in the United States go to the emergency room with kidney stones each year.
Annual ride encouraged
One common treatment, lithotripsy, breaks up larger stones, but Wartinger says that can often lead to more stones.
“The problem, though, is lithotripsy can leave remnants in the kidney which can result in another stone,” Wartinger said. “The best way to potentially eliminate this from happening is to try going on a roller coaster after a treatment when the remnants are still small.”
Wartinger said that a yearly ride on a coaster could even prevent stones from developing.
“You need to heed the warnings before going on a roller coaster,” he advised. “If you have a kidney stone, but are otherwise healthy and meet the requirements of the ride, patients should try it. It’s definitely a lower cost alternative to health care.”
The study was published in The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association.
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