Stage II
Many of these cancers have grown through the wall of the colon and they may extend into nearby tissue. They have not yet spread to the lymph nodes.
Surgery to remove the section of the colon containing the cancer along with nearby lymph nodes (partial colectomy) may be the only treatment needed. But your doctor may recommend chemotherapy (chemo) after surgery (adjuvant chemo) if your cancer has a higher risk of coming back because of certain factors, such as:
The cancer looks very abnormal (is high grade) when viewed under a microscope.
The cancer has grown into nearby organs.
The surgeon did not remove at least 12 lymph nodes.
Cancer was found in or near the margin (edge) of the surgical specimen, meaning that some cancer may have been left behind.
The cancer had blocked off (obstructed) the colon.
The cancer caused a perforation (hole) in the wall of the colon.
第二階段 GOOGLE TRANSLATE
許多這些癌症已經通過結腸壁生長，它們可以延伸到附近的組織中。他們還沒有擴散到淋巴結。
手術去除含有連同附近的淋巴結（部分結腸切除）的癌的結腸的部分可以是唯一需要的治療。但是，你的醫生可能會建議化療（化療）手術（輔助化療）後，如果你的癌症已經到來，因為某些因素，如回的高風險：
癌症看起來很異常（高年級），在顯微鏡下觀察。
癌症已經成長為鄰近器官。
外科醫生並沒有消除，至少12淋巴結。
癌症被發現在或靠近手術標本的邊緣（邊），這意味著有些癌症可能已被留下。
癌細胞已經封鎖了（阻塞）結腸。
癌症引起穿孔（孔）在結腸壁。
不是所有的醫生同意時化療應當用於II期結腸癌。它討論化療的利弊與您的醫生，包括多少可能會降低複發風險，什麽可能的副作用將是非常重要的。
對化療的主要選擇為這一階段包括5-FU和甲酰四氫葉酸（單獨）或卡培他濱，但其它的組合也可以使用。
如果你的醫生不能確定所有的癌症的除去，因為它被生長成其它組織時，他或她可能會建議放射治療來嚐試殺死任何殘留的癌細胞。放射療法可以給你的腹部，其中所述癌症是生長的區域。
Not all doctors agree on when chemo should be used for stage II colon cancers. It is important to discuss the pros and cons of chemo with your doctor, including how much it might reduce your risk of recurrence and what the likely side effects will be.
The main options for chemo for this stage include 5-FU and leucovorin (alone) or capecitabine, but other combinations may also be used.
If your surgeon is not sure all of the cancer was removed because it was growing into other tissues, he or she may advise radiation therapy to try to kill any remaining cancer cells. Radiation therapy can be given to the area of your abdomen where the cancer was growing.
Many of these cancers have grown through the wall of the colon and they may extend into nearby tissue. They have not yet spread to the lymph nodes.
Surgery to remove the section of the colon containing the cancer along with nearby lymph nodes (partial colectomy) may be the only treatment needed. But your doctor may recommend chemotherapy (chemo) after surgery (adjuvant chemo) if your cancer has a higher risk of coming back because of certain factors, such as:
The cancer looks very abnormal (is high grade) when viewed under a microscope.
The cancer has grown into nearby organs.
The surgeon did not remove at least 12 lymph nodes.
Cancer was found in or near the margin (edge) of the surgical specimen, meaning that some cancer may have been left behind.
The cancer had blocked off (obstructed) the colon.
The cancer caused a perforation (hole) in the wall of the colon.
第二階段 GOOGLE TRANSLATE
許多這些癌症已經通過結腸壁生長，它們可以延伸到附近的組織中。他們還沒有擴散到淋巴結。
手術去除含有連同附近的淋巴結（部分結腸切除）的癌的結腸的部分可以是唯一需要的治療。但是，你的醫生可能會建議化療（化療）手術（輔助化療）後，如果你的癌症已經到來，因為某些因素，如回的高風險：
癌症看起來很異常（高年級），在顯微鏡下觀察。
癌症已經成長為鄰近器官。
外科醫生並沒有消除，至少12淋巴結。
癌症被發現在或靠近手術標本的邊緣（邊），這意味著有些癌症可能已被留下。
癌細胞已經封鎖了（阻塞）結腸。
癌症引起穿孔（孔）在結腸壁。
不是所有的醫生同意時化療應當用於II期結腸癌。它討論化療的利弊與您的醫生，包括多少可能會降低複發風險，什麽可能的副作用將是非常重要的。
對化療的主要選擇為這一階段包括5-FU和甲酰四氫葉酸（單獨）或卡培他濱，但其它的組合也可以使用。
如果你的醫生不能確定所有的癌症的除去，因為它被生長成其它組織時，他或她可能會建議放射治療來嚐試殺死任何殘留的癌細胞。放射療法可以給你的腹部，其中所述癌症是生長的區域。
Not all doctors agree on when chemo should be used for stage II colon cancers. It is important to discuss the pros and cons of chemo with your doctor, including how much it might reduce your risk of recurrence and what the likely side effects will be.
The main options for chemo for this stage include 5-FU and leucovorin (alone) or capecitabine, but other combinations may also be used.
If your surgeon is not sure all of the cancer was removed because it was growing into other tissues, he or she may advise radiation therapy to try to kill any remaining cancer cells. Radiation therapy can be given to the area of your abdomen where the cancer was growing.
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