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Human metapneumovirus, or hMPV, is an infection that affects the upper and respiratory tract, according to the CDC. While it can affect people of all ages, the agency says young children, older adults and people with weakened immune systems are at greater risk.
中文報導
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與流感和呼吸道合胞病毒一樣，HMPV是最可能導致感染者住院甚至死亡的病毒之一。美國國立衛生研究院發表的一項研究表明，HMPV在感染100天後的死亡率為43%。
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一項對25年來收集的患者樣本研究發現，HMPV是兒童呼吸道感染的第二大“罪魁禍首”，僅次於呼吸道合胞病毒。《柳葉刀全球健康》2020年發布的一項研究估計，2018年，在5歲以下兒童中，有1400多萬人感染HMPV病毒，其中60多萬名人住院，超1.6萬人死亡。
而另一項來自紐約的研究則顯示，HMPV病例在住院的老年患者中與呼吸道合胞病毒和流感一樣常見，同樣可能導致老年人住進ICU、引發致命的肺炎。
更值得注意的是，人體感染HMPV後隻會產生微弱或不完全的免疫保護，因此會出現再次感染。但迄今為止，全球仍沒有疫苗和藥物可以防治這種呼吸道感染。最近，新冠疫苗製造商Moderna剛完成了針對HMPV和副流感病毒的mRNA疫苗早期研究階段。
防治
https://www.prevention.com/health/a44038947/human-metapneumovirus-hmpv-symptoms-treatment/
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What are the signs and symptoms of HMPV?
The CDC says the following are the most common symptoms of HMPV:
- Cough
- Fever
- Nasal congestion
- Shortness of breath
Those symptoms are similar to a lot of other illnesses, including the flu—and even doctors can’t tell the difference by examining you. “It’s not possible to distinguish HMPV clinically from influenza,” says infectious disease expert Amesh A. Adalja, M.D., a senior scholar at the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security. “HMPV is a cause of ‘the cold’—which is a syndrome that caused by many different viruses.”
How does HMPV spread?
The virus is believed to spread from person to person the same way as many other viruses, per the CDC. That includes:
- Secretions from coughing and sneezing
- Close personal contact, like touching or shaking hands
- Touching objects or surfaces that have the viruses on them then touching the mouth, nose, or eyes
Ultimately, though, “we’re still learning about this,” Dr. Russo says.
HMPV prevention
The CDC recommends doing the following to lower your risk of getting HMPV:
（又把新冠疫情早期那套搬出來了：呼吸道傳染病靠洗手預防。現在不缺口罩了啊）
- Wash your hands often with soap and water for at least 20 seconds.
- Avoid touching your eyes, nose, or mouth with unwashed hands.
- Avoid close contact with people who are sick. （可是沒有人知道誰得了）
But Dr. Russo says that HMPV is “much less” infectious than COVID-19, the flu, and RSV.
HMPV treatment
There is no specific antiviral treatment for HMPV. “It’s not even something we usually look for,” Dr. Russo says. But Dr. Adalja points out that respiratory viral panels (i.e. tests) have made it “much easier” to diagnose HMPV, which is included in the diagnostic workup.
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