http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaphysics、
Metaphysics is a branch of philosophy concerned with explaining the fundamental nature of being and the world,[1] although the term is not easily defined.
後麵繞來繞去我也看不太懂，不過說了它有下麵這些不同的風格和特點，
“Styles and methods of metaphysics
- Rational versus empirical. Rationalism a method or a theory "in which the criterion of the truth is not sensory but intellectual and deductive" (Bourke 263).Rationalist metaphysicians aim to deduce the nature of reality by armchair, apriori reasoning. Empiricism holds that the senses are the primary source of knowledge about the world.
- Analytical versus systemic. The "system building" style of metaphysics attempts to answer all the important questions in a comprehensive and coherent way, providing a theory of everything or complete picture of the world. The contrasting approach is to deal with problems piecemeal.
- Dogmatic versus critical. Under the scholastic approach of the Middle Ages, a number of themes and ideas were not open to be challenged. Kant and others thought this "dogmatism" should be replaced by a critical approach.
- Individual versus collective. Scholasticism and Analytical philosophy are examples of collaborative approaches to philosophy. Many other philosophers expounded individual visions.
- Parsimonious versus Adequate. Should a metaphysical system posit as little as possible, or as much as needed?
- Descriptive versus revisionary. Peter Strawson makes the distinction between descriptive metaphysics, which sets out to investigate our deepest assumptions, and revisionary metaphysics, which sets out to improve or rectify them.”
感覺上黑格爾和馬克思批判的是形而上學的某些特性（1）完全依靠邏輯而反實證和經驗 （Rational versus empirical）；（2）局部化（Analytical versus systemic）；（3）教條化（Dogmatic versus critical.）（4）個人化（Individual versus collective） （5）（6）看不懂。。。
我還是保持原來的觀點，現代自然科學的分析方法和形而上學不能等同
