Five takeaways from the Trump-Xi summit in Beijing so far

The U.S. and China agreed to forge more cooperative ties at their summit in Beijing on Thursday, in a high-stakes meeting full of friendly gestures between two countries that have been battling for years on issues ranging from intellectual property and human rights to technology and trade.

Here are five key points, based on Chinese President Xi Jinpings readout of the meeting.

1. New positioning

Xi and U.S. President Donald Trump agreed to develop a constructive China-U.S. relationship of strategic stability, according to Beijings official English readout of the summit. Beijing will treat this as the guiding framework for the next three years and beyond, he said.

The strategic positioning would be led by cooperation and measured competition with manageable differences, Xi said, according to the readout, while stressing that the framework must be translated into concrete actions.

It signals a period of managed stability that will hold for some time, said Tianchen Xu, senior economist at Economist Intelligence Unit. While frictions are due to persist, there will be a guardrail, and things wont spiral out of the two sides control as they nearly did in 2025.

2. Pre-summit meeting: balanced and positive

The two countries trade envoys reached overall balanced and positive outcomes at the preparatory summit in South Korea on Wednesday, according to Xi. That delegation was led by U.S. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent and Chinese Vice President He Lifeng.

Both sides should work together to preserve this hard-won positive momentum, Xi said. Beijing welcomes deeper commercial engagement from the U.S., he said, and Chinas door to opening up will only open wider.

The comments came as a dozen business leaders from some of the biggest American companies joined Trumps visit, including Teslas Elon Musk and Nvidias Jensen Huang.

3. Deepening cooperation

Both sides should make better use of diplomatic and military communication channels, Xi said. He also called for deeper cooperation in economic and trade issues, agriculture and tourism.

4. Taiwan: most important issue

Xi reserved his sharpest language for Taiwan, calling it the most important issue in U.S.-China relations.

The stakes, he said, could not be higher: handle it well, the relationship holds; handle it badly, the two countries risk collision or conflict.

5. Other issues

The two sides also discussed the Middle East conflict, the crisis in Ukraine and the Korean Peninsula, according to the readout, which did not offer more details.