百思一解

每個人都在尋求認同,在幾十億的人海裏。
每個人都在尋求答案,在無窮多的可能中。
正文

美國25年的人口結構變化趨勢

(2016-08-23 22:28:55) 下一個

查了一下美國自1990到2015 25年間的人口普查數據,有一些有趣的數據跟大家分享。

  White Black Hispanic Asian
1990 75.70% 12.30% 9.00% 3.00%
2000 69.70% 12.70% 12.50% 3.80%
2004 67.60% 12.80% 14.10% 4.20%
2010 63.70% 12.60% 16.30% 4.80%
2015 61.60% 13.30% 17.60% 5.60%
相對 1990的增幅 -14.10% 1.00% 8.60% 2.60%
年均增幅 -0.56% 0.04% 0.34% 0.10%
  1. 白人(西班牙裔除外):人口比重從75.7%降至61.6%,降幅14.10%, 平均每年遞減0.56%.
  2. 黑人:基本沒變化(增長1%)
  3. 亞裔:人口比重從3%升至5.6%,增幅2.6%,年均增長0.1%.
  4. 西裔:人口比重從9%增至17.6%,增幅8.6%,年均增長0.34%

請注意,這裏的百分比是占全國人口的比例。值得關注的是:

  1. 白人人口比重的持續下降似乎沒有停止的趨勢,白人族群感到威脅是必然的,某種方式的反擊也在預料中。
  2. 亞裔保持穩定溫和增長。5.6%已經遠強與25年前的3%。
  3. 非裔人口比重基本停滯,西裔一直在保持高速增長(年增速3倍於亞裔,10倍於非裔),人口比重已遠超非裔。

如果保持上述趨勢不變,並假設沒有新的其他大規模移民來源,可以預測10,20,30年後如下結果:

  White Black Hispanic Asian
2025 56.0% 13.7% 21.0% 6.6%
2035 50.3% 14.1% 24.5% 7.7%
2045 44.7% 14.5% 27.9% 8.7%

西裔人口增速如此高不可能是自然生殖的結果,隻能來自非法移民。製止非法移民克不容緩,但與民主黨的利益是衝突的。所以我很難相信民主黨會擔起這個責任。

 

[ 打印 ]
閱讀 ()評論 (23)
評論
虎嘯山林 回複 悄悄話 謝謝HCC的評論。我還是按xincage網友的提議把和HCC的討論另外總結一下單發個帖子把。
xincaige 回複 悄悄話 很有意義的議題。希望看下網友的意見作個總結。
HCC 回複 悄悄話 回複 '虎嘯山林' 的評論 :

(1): Undocumented aliens are not entitled to receive welfare.

Please take a look at this:
“Undocumented immigrants do not qualify for welfare, food stamps, Medicaid, and most other public benefits. Most of these programs require proof of legal immigration status and under the 1996 welfare law, even legal immigrants cannot receive these benefits until they have been in the United States for more than five years.”

(see http://money.cnn.com/2014/11/20/news/economy/immigration-myths/ )


(2): On the other hand, they do contribute to the system, but do not receive corresponding benefits -- such as social security:
"They are paying an estimated $15 billion a year into Social Security with no intention of ever collecting benefits," Stephen Goss, chief actuary of the SSA told CNNMoney. "Without the estimated 3.1 million undocumented immigrants paying into the system, Social Security would have entered persistent shortfall of tax revenue to cover payouts starting in 2009," he said.
(see http://money.cnn.com/2014/11/20/news/economy/immigration-myths/ )


(3): >>>另外引進大量低技能勞動力美國能消化嗎?

Please see:

“Echoing the Department of Labor, the USDA, and the National Milk Producers Federation, agricultural labor economist James S. Holt made the following statement to Congress in 2007: “The reality, however, is that if we deported a substantial number of undocumented farm workers, there would be a tremendous labor shortage.””

And:

"“Over the past two decades, most efforts to estimate the fiscal impact of immigration in the United States have concluded that, in aggregate and over the long term, tax revenues of all types generated by immigrants—both legal and unauthorized—exceed the cost of the services they use.” "

(see http://thehill.com/blogs/congress-blog/foreign-policy/203984-illegal-immigrants-benefit-the-us-economy )

And:

Ben Carson: We need illegal aliens to do the jobs Americans won’t do
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d0ENYaKCjXI


(4): >>> 川普的施政目標之一

But, did you know:

Trump favors amnesty for undocumented immigrants

On Fox News on November 12, Trump’s son Eric expressed frustration that the media overlooks this:
The point isn’t just deporting them, it’s deporting them and letting them back in legally. He’s been so clear about that and I know the liberal media wants to misconstrue it, but it’s deporting them and letting them back legally.
Eric Trump is right. His father has been crystal clear that he wants all the illegals to return and live in America.

Listen closely to what Trump is actually proposing. In an interview with CNN’s Dana Bash earlier this year, Trump explained his plan this way:
I would get people out and then have an expedited way of getting them back into the country so they can be legal…. A lot of these people are helping us … and sometimes it’s jobs a citizen of the United States doesn’t want to do. I want to move ’em out, and we’re going to move ’em back in and let them be legal.

WHO KNEW? TRUMP FAVORS AMNESTY FOR UNDOCUMENTED IMMIGRANTS
(see http://www.newsweek.com/who-knew-trump-favors-amnesty-undocumented-immigrants-395512 )

And:

Trump will not touch your entitlements (welfare)

Donald Trump says if he runs for president he’ll make sure entitlement programs aren’t touched.
“I’m not going to cut Social Security like every other Republican and I’m not going to cut Medicare or Medicaid,” Trump told The Daily Signal. “Every other Republican is going to cut, and even if they wouldn’t, they don’t know what to do because they don’t know where the money is. I do.”

(see https://www.donaldjtrump.com/media/why-donald-trump-wont-touch-your-entitlements )
xincaige 回複 悄悄話 喜歡一個候選人可能需要最少三條理由,討厭一個候選人可能隻要一條理由。
所以,這條理由使很多人關注川普,卻無法完全拉攏選民。但是由於他的直率,這一條理由就足以讓他失去很多西裔選民。所以,我們應該更生動地介紹川普的其他政見。同時,也要淡化和分化西裔的敵意。有些人說白種西裔和墨裔是有區別的,我們應該認同這樣的選舉語言,還要做的就是對合法移民,包括合法墨裔,要加以支持。
因為,希拉裏太低劣了,和這樣的對手沒法完全說真話。
xincaige 回複 悄悄話 喜歡一個候選人可能需要最少三條理由,討厭一個候選人可能隻要一條理由。
所以,這條理由使很多人關注川普,卻無法完全拉攏選民。但是由於他的直率,這一條理由就足以讓他失去很多西裔選民。所以,我們應該更生動地介紹川普的其他政見。同時,也要淡化和分化西裔的敵意。有些人說白種西裔和墨裔是有區別的,我們應該認同這樣的選舉語言,還要做的就是對合法移民,包括合法墨裔,要加以支持。
因為,希拉裏太低劣了,和這樣的對手沒法完全說真話。
xincaige 回複 悄悄話 我們把這個信息傳遞給網民了,可是那些川黑和希拉裏的支持者真的不在乎。那些川黑是要往死裏黑美國的,看到有人指出墨西哥奪國和墨黑聯盟,他們說我們種族主義。這裏有大量希拉裏的人想搞自由化和搞垮美國。多得超過了我的想象。
虎嘯山林 回複 悄悄話 回複 'smeagolrocks' 的評論 : 倒也不能否定統計學的作用。在樣本足夠大的前提下,統計結果還是具有相當大的可信性的。
虎嘯山林 回複 悄悄話 回複 'HCC' 的評論 : 謝謝您的信息和評論,俺試試逐條回複。(1)非法入境確實會有高潮和低潮,取決於邊境控製的嚴鬆程度和美國低端工作市場的繁榮程度。但提供的福例及福利核查製度越寬鬆,對非法移民的吸引力也越大。(2)付消費稅不能算付稅吧?:)我想您不能否認的是多數非法移民都是打黑工,情況好的也是低收入工種,總的來看他們接收的福利(您就隻看醫療費用就夠了)遠大於他們交出的稅收,連美國公民的低收入群體都免income tax. (3)如果放長遠看,一個貧窮的社區不可避免的會產生更多的犯罪。另外引進大量低技能勞動力美國能消化嗎?美國都沒解決現有非裔低技能群體的就業問題,很難相信引入更多低技能勞動力會有助於解決這個問題。我們很可能重複非裔社區的錯誤。(4)可能(2)(3)應該表述了我的看法。(5)川普的施政目標之一就是讓墨西哥掏錢建圍牆:)。也許我記錯了。

我們的分歧在非法移民對美國有利還是不利上,每個人可能看法會不同,也不見得我們都對或都錯了。感謝您分享您的看法。
smeagolrocks 回複 悄悄話 所以這統計裏有很多水份。美國不同民族通婚太多,光看看有多少中國人嫁老美?生的孩子能報成少數民族都報。俺大學有個同學自認黑人,俺實在看不出他有多少黑人成份。比一般白人蒼白N倍。大概祖上有個把黑人也算吧。08被稱黑人總統但他有一半白人血統!英文把祖國叫 motherland 而不是fatherland 為啥血統得隨夫親?

虎嘯山林 發表評論於 2016-08-24 10:03:05
回複 'rp2002' 的評論 : 還真沒研究過。據我所知,如果一個人有跨族裔血統,一般按主要血統報。但在報考大學或申請職位時,很多人為了沾AA法案的光,哪怕隻沾上N分之一的非裔亞裔血統也會給自己安上。
linna118 回複 悄悄話 Hispanic 的人口增長不能按目前的低人口基數計算,有人計算過,2044年,美國黑人+墨西哥人將占美國人口的50%以上。他們實在是太能生了。墨西哥女人一生除了生孩子基本沒有其他事在他們的願望範圍。 生了10個孩子,偶爾一個連8個細胞都沒形成的胚胎流產還哭得死去活來。 有時候看她們那樣傷心就是激發不起任何同情心,常常驚訝自己那點革命的人道主義都去哪兒了?黑人也很能生,但他們很多遺傳的疾病以及暴力,毒品致很多人40歲以前就死了!所以人口增長不過墨西哥人!
HCC 回複 悄悄話 >>>我反對和擔憂的是非法移民對美國社會的衝擊。

(1): There is an estimated 11.4 million undocumented aliens in the US currently. That is actually down from 12.2 million in 2007.
(see
http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/11/19/5-facts-about-illegal-immigration-in-the-u-s/ )

And, Mexicans are actually leaving the U.S. There has been a net outflow of Mexicans for years.
(see http://www.pewhispanic.org/2015/11/19/more-mexicans-leaving-than-coming-to-the-u-s/ )


(2): Undocumented aliens pay taxes, too. They pay sales tax if they consume in the US; many of them pay income tax (and social security as well); most will pay property tax, either directly (if they own a home) or indirectly (through rent).


(3): Undocumented aliens are less likely to commit crime than native-born Americans.
(see https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2015/07/02/surprise-donald-trump-is-wrong-about-immigrants-and-crime/ )


(4): The majority of economists believe that undocumented aliens are beneficial to the economy.
(see http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/17/magazine/do-illegal-immigrants-actually-hurt-the-us-economy.html?_r=0 )


(5): There is currently a border fence in place between the US and Mexico.

Both Obama and Clinton voted for it (the Secure Fence Act of 2006).
abraham007 回複 悄悄話 其實傳統的WASP更慘,這裏所謂的”白人“是把不黑不黃的人全算上以後的數字吧。
bigsea 回複 悄悄話 克林頓夫婦不可能不知道這種拉美化趨勢對美國的危害,可是為了一己之私,還是堅持大赦非法移民,這無疑就是在鼓勵非法移民。族群的品性不可能因為來到美國而改變,當美國主體族群的種類改變了,美國也就改變了,美國將不再是美國。
虎嘯山林 回複 悄悄話 回複 '清漪園' 的評論 : LOL, 俺博客上另一個短貼“何處是我家”中就在討論是不是該考慮第二次移民。加拿大是明顯的選擇。
虎嘯山林 回複 悄悄話 回複 'HCC' 的評論 : 謝謝HCC的評論。也許我沒說很清楚,我並不反對移民以改善美國的人口狀況,咱們都是移民過來的,當然清楚移民對美國的貢獻和重要性。我反對和擔憂的是非法移民對美國社會的衝擊。從移民質量來講,非法移民也要遠遜合法移民,如果我們紮緊非法移民渠道同時開通合法移民通道,我們可以更好的審批移民,也更好地消除安全隱患。

至於奧巴馬遣送非法移民,相信這隻是非法移民的冰山一角。更重要的是,關閉非法移民通道是更有效徹底的解決辦法。Again, I do support immigration, but let's do it in a legal and manageable way.
清漪園 回複 悄悄話 謝謝紅脖老弟的熱情邀請,榮幸之至!當第一代移民,太苦了,我已經移了兩次民了,一輩子兩次已經足以。不過,我們兒女的前景在美國堪憂呀,啥都AA,現在上學,找工作要AA,以後生孩子,坐監獄都AA,咱華人的後代可咋活呀,隻有移民一條路。
Armweak 回複 悄悄話 清漪園 發表評論於 2016-08-24 07:34:10
==================
加拿大的護照俺們大家拿吧。:-) 俺可以驕傲一把,把過期的老護照一交,公民卡一秀,就可以拿新的加拿大護照了。:-) 如果你移民需要reference,俺可以做一個,至少可以證明你在文學城是一個受人歡迎的好公民。:-)

園姐,俺們去加拿大的同一個城市吧,這樣,俺們還可以一起開Party。:-) 俺們興趣好像差不多,俺還可以說,俺不會讓人討厭的。:-)
HCC 回複 悄悄話 (1): But -- the overall birth rate in the US has been declining. If you do not include the minorities, the US has only a population of appx. 200 million. It is hard to compete against the EU (population 508 million) or other large countries (China: 1.3 billion, India: 1.25 billion) economically, when the US population is not growing.

The minorities are providing a population edge for the US. Otherwise, the US would have been the size of Germany + France + England.

(2): And, the question is not why are the minorities growing so fast. The question is: why are the whites growing so slow?

(3): And, many, many "Hispanics" are considered to be white. The descendants of many Latin American countries find their roots from Spain and Portugal -- generally considered to be white Europeans. Many of them look more "European" than people from Eastern and Southern Europe.

(4): >>>製止非法移民克不容緩,但與民主黨的利益是衝突的。

The Obama administration deported more undocumented aliens than any other president in US history. He is on his way to become the president who deported more than all other presidents combined. (see http://fusion.net/story/252637/obama-has-deported-more-immigrants-than-any-other-president-now-hes-running-up-the-score/ )

Also -- the Obama administration has the most border patrols and border security deployed than any other US president. (see https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2013/01/29/the-2007-immigration-bill-set-border-security-targets-weve-hit-most-of-them/ )
虎嘯山林 回複 悄悄話 回複 'rp2002' 的評論 : 還真沒研究過。據我所知,如果一個人有跨族裔血統,一般按主要血統報。但在報考大學或申請職位時,很多人為了沾AA法案的光,哪怕隻沾上N分之一的非裔亞裔血統也會給自己安上。
清漪園 回複 悄悄話 我聽到周圍不少人在討論移民加拿大。美國前景不樂觀呀,這個趨勢30年前已經開始,現在隻是預言成真而已。潤濤閻在一篇文章裏談到,裏根大赦非法移民開啟了美國的墨西哥化。
Armweak 回複 悄悄話 這篇文章好! 謝謝作者。

當米國的販毒黑社會和墨西哥的黑社會組織融為一體沆瀣一氣以後,他們的黑手就象在墨西哥一樣,伸向政治,經濟,警察等社會各個中的各行各業,然後,美國的民主、法治自然就不複存在。從克林頓在法律邊緣遊走的電子郵件和基金會等事件,可以一窺美國開始衰敗的早期特征。

如果到了那是,俺還沒有咽氣,俺就和老伴打點行裝,回加拿大。上帝還給俺留了一條後路。:-)
rp2002 回複 悄悄話 想問問, 白裔和外族通婚比例, 他們的下一代是不是不屬白裔了?
大號螞蟻 回複 悄悄話 難怪反川普的人都打墨西哥國旗,這是墨西哥統一美國的趨勢。加上伊斯蘭統一歐洲,真是百年反撲,不戰而勝。
登錄後才可評論.