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剛發現一個人，通過一本書《行動瑜伽，Karma Yoga - Swami Vivekananda》

(2023-09-12 20:52:31) 下一個

Swami Vivekananda, 斯瓦米·維韋卡南達

很多觀念需要通過不同的人用不同的語言說出來。我想這裏的知識，可以是一般的知識，也更應該是佛教所說的根本智慧，對究竟實相的認識。隻有根本智慧是無漏、無盡的。就是爭取真實的智慧，最後達到徹底的解脫和快樂。快樂有兩種，一種是認知的突破帶來的快樂，因為認知、知識是不依賴外部環境的，所以它是永恒的，而佛教講的解脫智慧就是這種知識，是通過修行認識到的真理。另一種快樂是感受帶來的快樂，這種快樂隨時隨地跟著環境、年齡和感受而變化，屬於無常，隻能說得之坦然，失之淡然。

【Karma 這個詞源自梵文 Kri，意為“做”；所有的行動都是業力。從技術上講，這個詞也意味著行動的效果。就形而上學而言，它有時意味著結果，而我們過去的行為就是原因。但在業力瑜伽中，我們隻需將業力一詞視為工作的意思。人類的目標是知識，這就是東方哲學擺在我們麵前的一個理念。人的目標不是快樂，而是知識。快樂和幸福是有盡頭的。把快樂當作人生的目標是錯誤的。我們在世界上所經曆的一切苦難的根源在於，人們愚蠢地認為快樂是我們奮鬥的理想。隨著事件的推移，人發現他所追求的不是快樂，而是知識，在這個過程中，快樂和痛苦都是偉大的老師，他從惡中學到的東西和從善中學到的東西一樣多。

當快樂和痛苦在他的靈魂麵前經過時，它們會在靈魂上留下不同的畫麵，這些印象結合起來的結果就是所謂的人的“性格”。如果你觀察一個人的性格，你會發現他實際上隻是各種傾向的總和，是他思想傾向的總和。你會發現，痛苦和幸福是塑造性格的同等因素。善與惡在塑造品格方麵具有同等的作用，在某些情況下，痛苦比幸福更能成為老師。

我敢說，在研究世界上產生的偉大人物時，在絕大多數情況下，我們會發現，苦難比幸福更能教人，貧窮比財富更能教人，打擊比讚美更能激發他們內心的火焰。

The word Karma is derived from the Sanskrit Kri, to do; all action is Karma. Technically, this word also means the effects of actions. In connection with metaphysics, it sometimes means the effects, of which our past actions were the causes. But in Karma-Yoga we have simply to do with the word Karma as meaning work. The goal of mankind is knowledge. That is the one ideal placed before us by Eastern philosophy. Pleasure is not the goal of man, but knowledge. Pleasure and happiness come to an end. It is a mistake to suppose that pleasure is the goal. The cause of all the miseries we have in the world is that men foolishly think pleasure to be the ideal to strive for. After a time man finds that it is not happiness, but knowledge, towards which he is going, and that both pleasure and pain are great teachers, and that he learns as much from evil as from good. As pleasure and pain pass before his soul they have upon it different pictures, and the result of these combined impressions is what is called man's "character". If you take the character of any man, it really is but the aggregate of tendencies, the sum total of the bent of his mind; you will find that misery and happiness are equal factors in the formation of that character. Good and evil have an equal share in moulding character, and in some instances misery is a greater teacher than happiness. In studying the great characters the world has produced, I dare say, in the vast majority of cases, it would be found that it was misery that taught more than happiness, it was poverty that taught more than wealth, it was blows that brought out their inner fire more than praise.

Swami Vivekananda. Complete Works of Swami Vivekananda (p. 19). Kindle Edition. 】

該書分八章，目錄如下
Chapter 1 Karma in its Effect on Character
Chapter 2 Each is great in his own place
Chapter 3 The Secret of Work
Chapter 4 What is Duty?
Chapter 5 We help ourselves, not the world
Chapter 6 Non-attachment is complete self-abnegation
Chapter 7 Freedom
Chapter 8 The Ideal of Karma-Yoga