【New words and expressions】（4）
beggar n. 乞丐
food n. 食物
pocket n. 衣服口袋
call v. 拜訪，光顧
★beggar n. 乞丐
beg v.乞求
I beg your pardon?
beg for 乞求得到
ask for 請求得到（ask sb. for sth. 向某人索要某物）
★food n. 食物（不可數）
a lot of food
★pocket n. 衣服口袋
inner pocket 內口袋；jacket pocket 夾克的口袋；coat pocket 大衣口袋
pocket book 袖珍書；pocket dictionary 袖珍詞典
pocket pick 車上的小偷
pocket money (小孩的)零花錢
change 零錢
get exact change 準備好正確的零花錢
beer money (男人的)零花錢
★call v. 拜訪, 光顧
① vt.&vi. 叫，喊
I heard someone calling.
call out =shout 大聲喊
② vt. 呼喚，召喚
Lucy is sick. Please call a doctor.
③ vi. 訪問，拜訪；（車、船等）停靠
Amy called (at our house) yesterday.
The train calls at large stations only. 這列火車隻停大站。
call on sb. 拜訪某人
I will call on you. 我要去你家。
call at+地點＝visit someplace 拜訪某地
I will call at your home. 我要去你家。
④ vt.&vi. 打電話
call sb =call up sb. 給某人打電話
call back 回某人電話
Can you take a message for me? =Can you tell him to call back?
call in sb. 招集和邀請某人
For the project, the government called in a lot of experts.
【Text】
I have just moved to a house in
參考譯文
我剛剛搬進了大橋街的一所房子. 昨天一個乞丐來敲我的門, 問我要一頓飯和一杯啤酒. 作為回報, 那乞丐頭頂地倒立起來, 嘴裏還唱著歌. 我給了他一頓飯. 他把食物吃完, 又喝了酒. 然後把一塊乳酪裝進衣袋裏走了. 後來, 一位鄰居告訴了我他的情況. 大家都認識他, 他叫珀西.巴頓斯. 他每月對這條街上的每戶人家光顧一次, 總是請求給他一頓飯和一杯啤酒.
【課文講解】
1、Yesterday a beggar knocked at my door.
★knock v. 敲門
① vi. 敲門
I knocked, but no one answered.
knock at 敲（門、窗等）
knock at the door；knock at the window
② vt.&vi. 碰撞
You always knock things off the table. 你總是碰掉桌上的東西。
Jim was knocked over by a bus this morning. 今天上午吉姆被一輛公共汽車撞倒了。
She has knocked a cup over again. 她又碰倒了一個杯子。
③ vt. 把（某人）打成……狀態
He knocked Tom out yesterday. 他昨天把湯姆打昏過去了。
④ 與off連用時有一些特殊含義，一般用於口語
vt. （價格上）減去，除去，打折扣
They knocked five dollars off the price of the coat.
The shop assistant knocked 10% off the bill.（He reduced the price by 10%.）
vi. 下班，停止，中斷（工作等）
When do you usually knock off? 你一般什麽時候下班？
He knocked off for lunch at half past eleven. 他十一點半休息吃中午飯。
2、He asked me for a meal and a glass of beer.
ask (sb.) for sth =request for sth. 問某人要什麽東西
（for為了這個目的去請求某人, sb.更多的時候不出現, ask for sth.）
The boy asked (his parents)for money again/once more.
3、In return for this, the beggar stood on his head and sang songs.
in return for this 作為對……的回報，作為交換（this 在代詞當中常常指代上文的一件事情）
I'll buy a present for him in return for hospitality. （hospitality adj. 熱情）
in return 作為回報
You lent me this interesting book last month. In return (for it), I’ll show you some picture books.
In return for your help, I invite you to spend the weekend with my family.
He doesn't want anything in return. 他不想得到任何回報
stood on his head 倒立
stand on one's hands 用手著地(hand單數就是一隻手, 雙手複數)
stand on one's knees 跪著, 膝蓋
lie on one's back 仰麵躺著
lie on one's side 側躺
lie on one's stomach 趴著
4、Later a neighbour told me about him.
介詞about可以和一些動詞連用，以表示“關於……（的）”、“涉及……（的）”
Please tell me about the accident.
tell sb. about sth. 告訴某人某事（about關於, 通過其他事自己得出的結論）
tell you about him
tell you about the word 解釋這個單詞的意思
tell sb. sth. 告訴某人某件事(把事情直接告訴)
tell you the news
tell you the word 直接告訴這個單詞
5、Everybody knows him.
everybody作為主語一定作單數看待, 屬於不定代詞
所有的不定代詞作為主語一律為單數看待 : somebody，anybody，everything等
6、He calls at every house in the street once a month and always asks for a meal and a glass of beer.
calls at 光顧，拜訪
in the street（英國）/on the street（美國）
once a month 一個月一次, 單位表達方式
once adj. 表示每……一次（表示頻率時後麵直接加表示時間的名詞）, 計量單位 “/” （每……）
five kilometers an hour
He goes back to the South once a year.
【Key structures】
A, The and Some
當表示不確定的某個人或物時，用不定冠詞a/an（單數, 可數名詞）；當表示不可數的名詞時，則需要由不定冠詞加量詞組成詞組。
在表示一種籠統概念（某某一類/一種東西）的陳述句中可以省略a和some
A tiger is a dangerous animal.
Tigers are dangerous.
Salt is necessary for/to us all.
表示某個確定的人或事物或者上文已提到過的人或事物，則要用定冠詞the（有時相當於this/that/these/those）,可數名詞單/複數或不可數名詞均可。
在姓名、地名、國名（非複合詞）以及月份、星期等前麵不加任何冠詞。
a和the的區別：a是泛指, a man；特指, the man
在文章當中第一次出現名詞的時候往往用a和an修飾, 第二次出現的時候用the
A man is walking towards me. The man is carrying a parcel. The parcel is full of meat.
I have just drunk a glass of milk. Milk is very refreshing.
I ate an apple. Apples are delicious.
She always buys flour, sugar and tea at the grocer's.
一般姓名前一般不能加冠詞，表示“某某一類人當中, 具有這種特征當中的一個”，加不定冠詞a
a Mr. Zhang 張先生這類人
【Special Difficulties】
短語動詞
某些動詞的後麵加上介詞或副詞以後就會改變詞義, 這種新的組合稱作短語動詞
put v. 放
put on 穿上，戴上
tak v. 拿走
take off 脫掉，摘掉
look v. 看
look at 看；look for 尋找；look after 照顧；look out 當心；look out of 向外看
call
call at；call on；call in；call back；
call for 去取某物, 去接某人；需要
The problem calls for immediate action. 這個問題需要立即采取行動
knock v. 敲
knock at 敲門
knock off 下班
He knocked off earlier.
knock off 打折
Knock 10% off the price.
把……撞倒，如果有地點，用介詞off；無地點，用介詞over
knock sth. off+地點
knock the vase off the table
I knocked the boy off the bicycle.
knock over
A car knocked the boy over.
knock out 打暈, 在拳擊場合中, 把人打倒在地叫knock out(專用術語)
He did not know how to fight, but he knocked the boxer out.
【Multiple choice questions】
5 A neighbour told me about him. He ___d___ Percy Buttons was a beggar.
a. told b. said me c. told to me d. said
He says + 句子；He says +that+句子；say to sb.
tell sb. +that+句子
He said to me/He told me 他告訴我
He told me he was a Beggar./He said he was a Beggar.
6 Everybody knows him. ___a___ know him.
a. They all b. Each c. Every d. All they
all of us, we all 我們所有人
every adj. 每一個
every
every person likes…
each adj.&pron. 每一個
each
each
every隻能是形容詞性，強調整體，常用來指一個大的、不確定的數目，不能直接做主語；each既可作形容詞，又可作代詞，強調個體，常用以一個確定的並通常是有限的數目，在作代詞時，直接作主語或賓語，使用第三人稱單數
Each child in the school was questioned.
Every child enjoys Christmas.
Each of us has his own work to do.
They each have a share.
7 ___d___ does he call? Once a month.
a. How seldom b. How long c. How soon d. How often
once a month 每月一次, 屬於頻率
對頻率提問 : how often
How often do you visit your mother? 對時間和次數提問
提問多久 : how long
How long do you visit your mother? 對時間提問
提問次數 : how many times
How many times do you visit your mother each month?
how soon 多久以後
How soon will you finish your homework?
8 A beggar is a person who ___a___ .
a. asks for money but doesn't work b. asks for food
c. works hard d. is out of work
out of work 失業
I am out of work./I lose my job.
10 She gave him a piece of cheese. He put the ___a___ of cheese in his pocket.
a. bit b. bar c. block d. packet
a bit of /a piece of 在英文中經常互用
bar 門閂 : 長條狀 :
a bar of chocolate; a bar of soap
block n. 房子；塊, 一大塊；v. 堵塞
packet 一包
12 All the houses in our ___a___ are the same age and size.
a. street b. way c. road d. route
same age and size 同年代同樣式
street 兩邊有房子的街道, 強調城市裏的街道
way, on the way, in the way 擋住某人的路(強調方向)
road 路的通稱
road home 通往家的路 (張藝謀的影片《我的父親母親》的英文名)
route 路線
〖語法精粹〗
1.How can you___B___if you are not ____?
A. listening/hearing B. hear/listening
C. be listening/hear D. be hearing/listening to
如果你不聽, 怎麽可能聽見呢?
listen聽/hear聽見
2.The girl even won't have her lunch before she__D__her homework.
A. will finish B. is finishing C. had finished D. finishes
狀語從句中, 用一般現在時取代將來時.
3.Those who have applied for the post__A__in the office.
A. are being interviewed B. are interviewing
C. interviewing (光動詞+ing不能構成謂語)
D. to be interviewing (不定式不能構成謂語動詞)
apply for 申請
interview 麵試
在英文中, 隻能領導對員工麵試，員工隻能被麵試，動詞用被動
4.The old scientist __C___to do more for the country.
A. is wishing B. has been wishing C. wishes D. has been wished
D為被動語態，從語法上說合理, 但不合情
表示狀態、感覺、情緒、精神活動的動詞不可用於進行時態.
wish sb. to do 希望某人做某事
5.If he___B___,don't wake him up.
A. still sleeps B. is still sleeping
C. still had been sleeping D. will be sleeping still
如果他在睡覺的話, 不要吵醒他
