曆史上的六月七號

曆史上的6/7日，

今天是6/7日，2023年的第158天，今年還剩207天。

人類曆史上的今天,發生了如下值得我關注的事件：

 

——1903

皮埃爾·居裏教授報道了了釙的發現。

Professor Pierre Curie reveals the discovery of Polonium.

 

——1914

巴拿馬運河通航

The first vessel passes through the Panama Canal.

 

——1942

中途島海戰以美軍完勝日軍而結束。

 

1942年6月7日，中途島戰役——二次大戰中美國對日本的戰爭中最具決定性的勝利之一——結束。在為期四天的海空戰中，寡不敵眾的美國太平洋艦隊成功摧毀了四艘日本航空母艦，隻失去了一艘自己的約克敦號，從而打破了日軍無敵的神話，一舉扭轉了戰局。

編者按：感興趣的朋友可以看看電影“中途島“. 以下是油管的鏈接：https://youtu.be/IktNlCr6S2w

 

Battle of Midway ends

On June 7, 1942, the Battle of Midway—one of the most decisive U.S. victories in its war against Japan—comes to an end. In the four-day sea and air battle, the outnumbered U.S. Pacific Fleet succeeded in destroying four Japanese aircraft carriers with the loss of only one of its own, the Yorktown, thus reversing the tide against the previously invincible Japanese navy.

In six months of offensives, the Japanese had triumphed in lands throughout the Pacific, including Malaysia, Singapore, the Dutch East Indies, the Philippines, and numerous island groups. The United States, however, was a growing threat, and Japanese Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto sought to destroy the U.S. Pacific Fleet before it was large enough to outmatch his own. A thousand miles northwest of Honolulu, the strategic island of Midway became the focus of his scheme to smash U.S. resistance to Japan’s imperial designs. Yamamoto’s plan consisted of a feint toward Alaska followed by an invasion of Midway by a Japanese strike force. When the U.S. Pacific Fleet arrived at Midway to respond to the invasion, it would be destroyed by the superior Japanese fleet waiting unseen to the west. If successful, the plan would eliminate the U.S. Pacific Fleet and provide a forward outpost from which the Japanese could eliminate any future American threat in the Central Pacific.

Battle of Midway Tactical Overview - World War II

Unfortunately for the Japanese, U.S. intelligence broke the Japanese naval code, and the Americans anticipated the surprise attack. Three heavy aircraft carriers of the U.S. Pacific Fleet were mustered to challenge the four heavy Japanese carriers steaming toward Midway. In early June, U.S. command correctly recognized a Japanese movement against Alaska’s Aleutian Islands as a diversionary tactic and kept its forces massed around Midway. On June 3, the Japanese occupation force was spotted steaming toward the island, and B-17 Flying Fortresses were sent out from Midway to bomb the strike force but failed to inflict damage. Early in the morning on June 4, a PBY Catalina flying boat torpedoed a Japanese tanker transport, striking the first blow of the Battle of Midway.

Later that morning, an advance Japanese squadron numbering more than 100 bombers and Zero fighters took off from the Japanese carriers to bomb Midway. Twenty-six Wildcat fighters were sent up to intercept the Japanese force and suffered heavy losses in their heroic defense of Midway’s air base. Soon after, bombers and torpedo planes based on Midway took off to attack the Japanese carriers but failed to inflict serious damage. The first phase of the battle was over by 7:00 a.m.

 

——1974

《孫子兵法》和《孫臏兵法》竹簡出土

 

1974年6月7日，我國文物考古工作者在山東省臨沂銀雀山發掘的西漢前期墓葬中，同時發現了著名的《孫子兵法》和已經失傳了1000多年的《孫臏兵法》等竹簡4000多枚。這批先秦古籍的發現，是我國文物、考古工作取得的又一重大新成果。

　　這批竹簡的發現，證明現有《孫子兵法》源出孫武，完成於孫臏，是春秋末期到戰國中期長期戰爭經驗的總結，並不是一個人專著，使《孫子兵法》作者孫武是否實有其人等國內外長期存在的疑案得到解決。特別是失傳已久的《孫臏兵法》的發現，為研究我國古代軍事思想提供了重要的新資料。

[菲兒天地]

多謝好文分享！