?執筆 ashes of time
甲午戰爭,大清帝國一敗塗地。現在,很多人寫文章,扒出大清種種不堪,然後下結論說——清軍本來就必敗無疑。
持這種看法的人,恐怕是「事後諸葛亮」。
當年,國際社會普遍認為大清帝國贏麵大,就是日本自己也沒有戰勝大清的把握。至於大清帝國統治者,更是認為自己必勝:我打不過西方列強,我還打不過你小日本?何況我現在有北洋海軍。
然而,戰爭一開打,清軍一敗塗地。值得玩味的是,真實的戰局全世界都知道就一個群體不知道——大清普通子民。他們不是不知道消息,而是從報紙上看到大量報導——我朝大軍屢戰屢勝,日軍一敗再敗……
然而,用再厚實的紙包裹謊言,也很容易被真相之火燒得灰飛煙滅。當台灣被割走,全國還要賠償2億兩白銀,謊言編不下去了。大勝的宣傳和大敗的事實,形成了巨大反差。
這麼大一口鍋,當然需要一個大人物來背——李鴻章。儘管他在馬關挨了一槍,為國家節省了1億兩銀子,回國後仍被痛罵為漢奸,人人喊殺。慈禧當然知道李鴻章是代自己受過,為了保護他,讓其出洋考察,避避風頭……
戰前的大清,有些外強中乾,就好像一座外表光鮮,結構腐朽的房子,外麵的人隻看到油漆很新也刷得漂亮。隻有裡麵的人比如李鴻章才知道真相,但他不敢說破。而且,大夥兒需要一個強大的國家,媒體滿足了大家的心理和願望。李鴻章的戰略是「保持猛虎在山之勢」,威懾對手,但很清楚不能真打……
講多少道理,都不如一堵南牆,頭破血流才知道疼知道錯知道改。甲午戰爭後,出現了留日大潮,中國現代史上政界、軍界、文壇不少牛人大咖都有留日經歷……
下麵,是大清媒體對甲午戰爭的圖片報導,有火牛陣大破日軍(以及放狗打敗日軍),擒殺日軍統帥樺山資紀(實為日本海軍軍令部部長),還有娘子軍,甚至還知道日本人民不願當兵賣命等……而且,關於大陸戰場和海上戰場很簡略,關於朝鮮和台灣戰場很詳細,箇中玄妙,諸位邊看邊品吧。
大清記者XXX按:
甲午一戰,我大清雄師水陸並進,大敗蕞爾倭寇。下麵是我朝攝影記者從前方發回的綜合報導,分7個部分展開:(1)綜述;(2)海上戰場;(3)朝鮮戰場;(4)大陸戰場;(5)台灣戰場;(6)花絮;(7)附錄。
所謂「有圖有真相」,本次報導主要以圖片為主展開。
為擴大國際影響,揚我國威,特別雙語刊出,考慮到中西文化不同,語句略有不同。
綜述
我軍水、陸皆捷
Victory at sea during the Sino-Japanese War
二、海上戰場
1.鴨綠江海戰大捷
The victorious battle at the Yalu River
2.我軍擊沉日艦
Japanese ships are sunk
3.我海軍在朝鮮大獲全勝
Victory in the naval battle in Korea
4.我海軍大勝
Naval battle victory
三、朝鮮戰場
1.我軍陸戰在朝鮮大勝
Victory in the land battle in Korea
2.我軍葉誌超部水陸並進(1)
The soldiers of General Ye Zhichao march and fight on land and at sea
3.我軍葉誌超部水陸並進(2)
The soldiers of General Nie Shicheng fight on land and at sea
4.我軍葉誌超部水陸並進(3)
The soldiers of General Ye Zhichao march and fight on land and at sea
5.牙山大捷(1)
Victory at Asan Japanese slaves in the Korean capital
6.牙山大捷(2)
Victory at Asan
7.牙山大捷(3)
Victory at Asan
8.牙山大捷(4)
News of the victory at Asan
9.我軍在朝鮮利用牛陣取得夜戰勝利
Victory with cattle during the night in Korea war
10.平壤夜戰(1)
The night battle of Pyongyang
11.平壤夜戰(2)
The night battle of Pyongyang
12.我軍葉誌超、聶士成兩部聯合左寶貴部,收復平壤
Soldiers of Ye Zhichao and Nie Shicheng join together the battalion of Zuo Baogui and retake Pyongyang
13.宋慶將軍光復平壤
General Song Qing conquers the Korean capital
14.平壤大捷
Victory in Pyongyang
15.克復朝鮮(1)
Retaking Korea
16.克復朝鮮(2)
Retaking Korea
三、大陸戰場
1.我彭將軍坐鎮邊境
The battalion division with horses illustration
2.我軍宋慶、聶士成部在連山關大敗日軍
Victory at Lianshanguan by the soldiers of Generals Song Qing and Nie Shicheng
3.宋慶將軍在摩天嶺用地雷戰擊敗敵軍
Fenhuangcheng landmine ambush leads General Song to victory at the Motian pass
4.威海衛大捷
Victory in the battle of Weihaiwei
五、台灣戰場
1.日軍攻入台北,全島人心惶惶
Everyone who is coming from Tainan reports that Japanese soldiers got into Taipei government house
2.日寇向國外借8000騎兵進攻台南,被擊退後不敢登島
(Left)The Japanese reportedly borrow from another country eight thousand cavalry to attack Tainan...
(Right) Japanese forces are wounded and do not dare to land on the Chinese shores.
3.台灣鄉紳議定絕不割地
Taiwan's officials and prominent citizens refuse to allow cession of territory
4.台灣有錢人家慷慨解囊支持軍隊和政府
Commoners from all over Taiwan donate silver to the President of the Republic Tang Xianmin to support the costs of war
5.劉永福將軍率領大軍進軍安南
Recent news General Liu recruits tens of thousands of people to march towards Annan
6.日寇聽說劉將軍回師新竹,嚇得趕緊跑路
Japanese army retreats inexorably after General Liu's army takes back the city of Zhuqian modern day Hsinchu
7.我軍在台灣用狗擊敗日寇
(Left) Lin Chaodong is famous also in Taiwan.
(Right) Inciting dogs to defeat the Japanese
8.劉將軍收復海關
Some days ago, General Liu's army has recaptured Taiwan's customs post
9.劉將軍擒獲日寇首領樺山資紀
General Liu Yongfu interrogates the captured Japanese governor Kabayama
10.日寇被劉將軍打敗後畏之如虎
After repeated defeats, the Japanese fear Liu Yongfu as if he were a tiger
11.劉永福將軍領導軍民聯手,成功保衛台灣
Liu Yongfu protects Tainan after the victory obtained together with the native people
12.台灣各界歡慶勝利
(Left) Ministers of world countries greet the Emperor
(Right) Commemoration of Taiwan victory
13.台灣保衛戰宣告勝利
Bulletin about victory in Taiwan
14.劉將軍保衛台灣,黑旗軍名揚四海
The battalion of General Liu protects Taiwan from the world famous Heiqibin
五、日本談判
1.李中堂大人受到熱烈歡迎
Li Fuxiang receives greetings
2.李鴻章與外國使節談判
Foreign countries work with the imperial commissioner Li Fuxiang Li Hongzhang
六、花絮
1.颯爽英姿娘子軍
Women also joined the army
2.孫將軍之子為父報仇,痛擊日軍
General Sun Gengtang's son risks his life to save the country at Sandiao Ridge
3.軍民關係如魚水
General Liu Dajiang's army estabilish friendly relations with the native people
4.日本人民不願當兵賣命
A soldier is arrested
5.上海商人收到林將軍的台灣來信,諸事順利
Last month merchants in Shanghai received a letter from Lin Chaodong who is in Taizhong
6.公審正法倭奸(1)
Arrest and interrogation of Japanese soldiers
7.公審正法倭奸(2)
Arrest and interrogation of Japanese soldiers
8.燒死日軍統帥樺山資紀(實為日本海軍軍令部部長 筆者注)
The Japanese general Kabayama has been captured
七、附件
1.宣傳冊第1卷
Volume 1 of the illustrated book Defeat the Japanese
2.宣傳冊第2卷
Volume 2 of the illustrated book Defeat the Japanese
說明
以上圖片均出自甲午戰爭時期晚清媒體的圖片報導,後由英國圖書館收藏。部分圖片散見於網絡,但不全,也缺少英文圖注。筆者特地從英國圖書館下載了這51張圖片並寫明中英文圖注,在此分享給大家,圖片版權歸原作者和英國圖書館所有。
特此說明。