本章首先運用LM(1990)反轉策略及JT(1995)反轉收益分解框架係統性考察了中國股市短期(周)收益反轉,其次運用重疊抽樣的研究設計檢驗了長期反轉策略,並對反轉策略收益進行了風險和過度反應分析,最後運用Balvers,Wu和Gilliland(2002)參數反轉策略進一步檢驗了長期反轉效應,本章成果可概括如下:
(1)中國股市短期(周)存在顯著的收益反轉,反轉收益與公司規模相關,並且具有經濟意義上的重要性。進一步的分析表明,短期反轉效應主要來源於對公司特有信息的過度反應,而並非由“領先-滯後”結構驅動,過度反應在小市值規模個股中最為顯著。引入成交量(衝擊)能夠顯著改善短期反轉策略表現,對策略層次和組合層次的分析表明,結合規模與成交量能夠獲得最優策略,即高量策略提供了優化的策略選擇,表明成交量包含了未來股價走勢的重要信息。我們認為De Long(1990)關於正反饋交易者、Hong和Stein(1999)信息逐漸擴散的行為模型及市場操縱行為對於短期收益反轉都具有一定解釋力。
(2)以1-3年為組合形成期和持有期,中國股市長期反轉策略能夠獲得顯著為正的套利收益,與DeBondt和Thaler(1985,1987)發現對比,反轉周期相對較短並且輸者組合和贏者組合反轉強度基本對稱,即使賣空受限,持有曆史輸者組合在未來1-3年能夠顯著戰勝市場組合。對參數反轉策略的檢驗進一步證實了中國股市存在長期收益反轉,並且持有下期(one-step ahead)預測收益最高的組合能夠顯著戰勝市場組合。
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§§第6章 價值反轉投資策略研究