本章以規模、益本比率和淨市值比率進行風格劃分,運用了兩種代表性的風格動量策略--Chen和DeBondt(2004)及Lewellen(2002)策略檢驗了中國股市基於複合風格水平和簡單風格水平動量策略,並運用Jegadeesh和Titman(1995)分解、CAPM模型及法馬三因子模型對策略收益來源進行了深入分析。本章成果可概括如下:
(1)基於SIZE E/P、SIZE BM複合風格水平水平動量策略能夠獲得具有經濟重要性且顯著為正的套利收益,進一步的分析發現,以大市值公司為樣本的風格動量策略同樣能夠獲得具有經濟重要性且顯著為正的套利收益,即使賣空受限,買入或持有風格贏家組合中期能夠顯著戰勝市場組合,這對於基金等大型機構投資者進行實際操作或收益預測具有重要現實意義。
(2)基於SIZE簡單風格水平動量策略最為有效,僅有部分基於E/P簡單風格水平動量策略能夠獲得顯著為正的套利收益,而基於BM簡單風格水平動量策略無法獲利。這表明中國股市總體作為一個資金推動型市場,大市值/小市值風格較成長/價值風格存在更顯著的風格水平正反饋交易行為,這一現象可用Barberis和Shleifer(2003)風格水平正反饋交易模型關於孿生風格假設進行解釋。
(3)對風格動量收益來源分析表明,個股(組合)期望收益截麵方差、市場風險、SMB因子及HML因子所代表的傳統風險對動量策略套利收益缺乏解釋力,風格動量反映了股價的可預測性,其可能來源於Barberis和Shleifer(2003)模型假設的風格水平正反饋投資行為。
(4)對於機構投資者而言,由於風格動量的存在,表明風格選擇重要性可能並不亞於個股選擇重要性,因此如何構建適合中國證券市場的時變風格投資策略值得未來進一步的研究。
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§§第5章 價格反轉投資策略研究