暖冬cool夏

暖冬cool夏 名博

真愛是什麽?--讀《簡愛》聊真愛

暖冬cool夏 (2019-07-14 16:15:50) 評論 (32)
雖然以前是學洋文的,但是從裏到外自知自己其實是個很"土"的人,連《簡愛》這樣的小說都沒有讀過(讀書時應該是讀過簡寫本),《簡愛》拍成電影據說全世界有十六個不同語言版本,我好像也不記得看沒看過。
 
不過現在讀也不晚,到了這個年紀,很多東西的理解會更深刻些。昨天星期六緊趕慢趕將500多頁的小說讀完了,前後隻花了一個多星期,三個版本輪番上陣。紙版的在家光線好時看,電子免費版的晚上老眼昏花時看,白天上班,還下載在公司電腦word上,見縫插針地看。讀起來速度時快時慢,讀不太懂的地方為了不影響整體閱讀跳過了,不過紙書和word裏麵到處是我highlight的痕跡。應該說,小說寫得好的,雖然文字不是那麽平鋪直敘,一句簡單的話到英國作家嘴裏繞幾繞再表達,顯得很複雜,讀時感覺自己就像沒文化的在仰頭看貴婦人文縐縐地咬文嚼字,但是讀後又覺得值得再細細咀嚼一番。作家勃朗特的語言揮灑自如,結構很隨意,用了大量的倒裝句,和類似中文裏的排比句,細膩真實的心理敘述、對話把人物寫得栩栩如生。小說裏處處金句閃閃,無愧是大家,是名著。有時想,這樣的名著我年輕時讀不下去是有原因,她的文字太高深了些。
 
故事情節想必大家比我都熟悉。簡單概括,就是18歲的簡愛離開孤兒院,到一個大莊園裏做家庭教師,愛上了大她20歲的莊園主羅切斯特,兩人在準備踏入婚姻殿堂時,被人揭露羅切斯特是一個已婚男子,家裏有一個精神病太太,整天被鎖在不見天日的三樓密室裏。簡愛得知之後,毅然決然離開了他,走之前沒有帶走羅切斯特的一文錢財。她流落荒野,在瀕臨絕境之際叩門求一家人收留。 無巧不成書的是,收留她的是她姑姑家的小孩。就這樣,她遇見了她的堂兄 St John。 John儀表堂堂,玉樹臨風,是一個十分虔誠的牧師。他為了自己傳道事業,向簡愛求婚(估計那時還沒有反對近親結婚一說)。簡愛應允了他,但是內心深處極度不安,放不下羅切斯特,第二天又長途跋涉去尋找曾經的莊園。找到的羅切斯特已經是個殘疾人,右手臂斷了,雙眼瞎了。麵對這樣的情形,簡愛選擇留下來照顧她,兩人結婚生子, 從此幸福地生活在一起。
 
幾天前的飯後,我拿著讀了2/3的《簡愛》,和斜靠床邊的某人聊起了這本小說。這個最近看我讀書勁頭足,常常要潑潑冷水,叫囂文學的作用是overrated的某人,卻自稱這英文版的小說他大學時就讀過了,隻是不記得了,在我把內容簡單複述給他聽時,隻聽他拋出一句,真愛如何define後,竟然昏昏睡去,留下我一個人思考著這個問題。
 
是啊,什麽是真愛?不同的人有不同的回答,或許同一個人在不同階段的答案也不一樣。一見鍾情是真愛,日久生情是真愛。為真愛人們走進婚姻,又為真愛走出婚姻。中國古代有"問世間情為何物,直教人生死相許"的詩句,有淒美的梁祝故事; 十九世紀英國,在勃朗特這部《簡愛》小說裏,同樣也演繹著一個真愛故事。簡愛不為錢財,不為地位,不顧羅切斯特最後是殘疾的事實,義無反顧地嫁給他,從此不離不棄。
 
那麽今天呢? 在社會進入到二十一世紀,真愛是越來越多了,還是越來越少了呢? 為什麽人們在物質豐富、婚姻自由後,離婚率卻越來越高? 難道真愛本身就是有時間性,階段性, 不能持續太久,它會隨著歲月的流逝變質的? 以前的人可能一輩子就愛一個人,現在的人可能一輩子不止隻愛一個人,因為這世界太繁花似錦,太讓人眼花繚亂了。人們可以今天是出於真愛,明天就不是了。 當然,這種現象又是可以理解的,因為人在變,有人進步,有人退步。人的年齡的增長,閱曆的加深,接觸到的事物和人的不同,都讓人的情感起變化。 問題是,如果碰見一個比年輕時的真愛還要合拍的真愛時,怎麽辦? 是奮不顧身衝破一切追求你的新真愛,還是為了道德輿論守住曾經的舊愛? 是付出一切代價,去擁有真愛,還是望而卻步?
 
我越想越迷惑,我想我是想不清楚這個問題的。或許這世界上還有人一輩子都沒有遇到過真愛,在他們眼裏真愛或許根本不存在呢。
 
寫這篇文章時,又問了某人,他眼裏的真愛是什麽? 理工科出身的,靈機一動胡編出了什麽partner compatibility index, 簡稱PCI, 說所謂的真愛就是兩個人是否compatible, 這種所謂的指數,可以將真愛科學化,定量化,將一個人的外貌,性情,性能力綜合打分(weighted)。還拋磚引玉地問了我一個類似的問題,如果A和B的真愛指數是0.5, 過幾年後,A碰見了C, 兩人的指數上升到0.9, 怎麽辦? 兩人一陣嘻哈,說有待日後深化研究。
 
其實,人是感情動物,最微妙的變化可以讓人一天之內翻手為雲,覆手為雨地不可琢磨。如果真有一天,一個人的感情,一個人的真愛可以發展到像機器人似進行綜合評判,那倒也簡單省事了。
 
寫下這些有點淩亂的文章,跟《簡愛》有點扯不上邊,就算是七月裏的隨筆記錄吧。
 
小說的金句太多了,隻抄一點點在下麵,勃朗特的文字、結構(隻抄了一句倒裝句,小說裏太多了)可見一斑。
 
 

Do you think I can stay to become nothing to you?  Do you think I am an automaton?—a machine without feelings? and can bear to have my morsel of bread snatched from my lips, and my drop of living water dashed from my cup?  Do you think, because I am poor, obscure, plain, and little, I am soulless and heartless?  You think wrong!—I have as much soul as you,—and full as much heart!  And if God had gifted me with some beauty and much wealth, I should have made it as hard for you to leave me, as it is now for me to leave you.  I am not talking to you now through the medium of custom, conventionalities, nor even of mortal flesh;—it is my spirit that addresses your spirit; just as if both had passed through the grave, and we stood at God’s feet, equal,—as we are!”

The soul, fortunately, has an interpreter—often an unconscious, but still a truthful interpreter—in the eye.  My eye rose to his; and while I looked in his fierce face I gave an involuntary sigh; his gripe was painful, and my over-taxed strength almost exhausted.


The more solitary, the more friendless, the more unsustained I am, the more I will respect myself. 

“You will not come?  You will not be my comforter, my rescuer?  My deep love, my wild woe, my frantic prayer, are all nothing to you?”

“Little Jane’s love would have been my best reward,” he answered; “without it, my heart is broken.  But Jane will give me her love: yes—nobly, generously.”


Up the blood rushed to his face; forth flashed the fire from his eyes; erect he sprang; he held his arms out; but I evaded the embrace, and at once quitted the room.


“Farewell!” was the cry of my heart as I left him.  Despair added, “Farewell for ever!”
The grace and harmony of beauty are quite wanting in those features.”

Prejudices, it is well known, are most difficult to eradicate from the heart whose soil has never been loosened or fertilised by education: they grow there, firm as weeds among stones.

the pleasure arising from perfect congeniality of tastes, sentiments, and principles.

Whether is it better, I ask, to be a slave in a fool’s paradise at Marseilles—fevered with delusive bliss one hour—suffocating with the bitterest tears of remorse and shame the next—or to be a village-schoolmistress, free and honest, in a breezy mountain nook in the healthy heart of England?

God has given us, in a measure, the power to make our own fate; and when our energies seem to demand a sustenance they cannot get—when our will strains after a path we may not follow—we need neither starve from inanition, nor stand still in despair: we have but to seek another nourishment for the mind, as strong as the forbidden food it longed to taste—and perhaps purer; and to hew out for the adventurous foot a road as direct and broad as the one Fortune has blocked up against us, if rougher than it.


as sweet features as ever the temperate clime of Albion moulded; as pure hues of rose and lily as ever her humid gales and vapoury skies generated and screened, justified, in this instance, the term.  No charm was wanting, no defect was perceptible; the young girl had regular and delicate lineaments; eyes shaped and coloured as we see them in lovely pictures, large, and dark, and full; the long and shadowy eyelash which encircles a fine eye with so soft a fascination; the pencilled brow which gives such clearness; the white smooth forehead, which adds such repose to the livelier beauties of tint and ray; the cheek oval, fresh, and smooth; the lips, fresh too, ruddy, healthy, sweetly formed; the even and gleaming teeth without flaw; the small dimpled chin; the ornament of rich, plenteous tresses—all advantages, in short, which, combined, realise the ideal of beauty, were fully hers.  I wondered, as I looked at this fair creature: I admired her with my whole heart.  Nature had surely formed her in a partial mood; and, forgetting her usual stinted step-mother dole of gifts, had endowed this, her darling, with a grand-dame’s bounty.


As she patted the dog’s head, bending with native grace before his young and austere master, I saw a glow rise to that master’s face.  I saw his solemn eye melt with sudden fire, and flicker with resistless emotion.  Flushed and kindled thus, he looked nearly as beautiful for a man as she for a woman.  His chest heaved once, as if his large heart, weary of despotic constriction, had expanded, despite the will, and made a vigorous bound for the attainment of liberty.  But he curbed it, I think, as a resolute rider would curb a rearing steed.  He responded neither by word nor movement to the gentle advances made him.