This is something I have been unable to make sense out of since I took a closer look at it years back. The arithmetic seemed simple: every couple (2 persons) producing 1 person (1 child) would half the population of the coming generation. In two generations, the (effective) population will be 1/4 of that of their grandparents's. This is obviously a big problem.
No one looked at this simple math? Who were mad enough to implement such a policy?