Chinese (at least from the county level up) in these regions and Han has the real power there.
I agree w/ much of the points presented, but there is the other side. Large Han Chinese were moved into Tibet, Xinjiang and other regions to support the bian-jiang (but w/o consultation w/ the locals), but they do not feel belonging there (most of them leave after some time) and do not respect (sometimes destroy) the local culture and tradition. I have two friends used to live in Xinjiang. They told me that they never learn the local language and culture, rarely interact w/ the native people, and frankly look down on them. In addition, Han Chinese not only control the politics, but also economics and much else. Yes, there are some special treatments for the minorities in certain areas, but they still have disvantages in competing in the Han dominated system (like we have in this country). Nobody has come up w/ a good way to solve the problems, but blaming the special treatment for the turnmoils w/o looking into the other side (Han Chinese's attitude towards natives and how minorities view Han Chinese moving in and taking over) is very one-sided and frankly, dangerous.
It's similar (not NEARLY to the degree though) to the way Indians were treated by whites. By the way, in addition to the Indians, blacks (and to much less extend, Hispanics) also enjoy some preferential treatment (e.g. affirmative action), w/ mixed results as in Tibet and Xinjiang.