回複：--> sample code updated

來源: -凡凡- 於 2012-06-01 21:44:08 [] [博客] [舊帖] [給我悄悄話] 閱讀數 : (25680 bytes)

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"><strong><font color="#ff3300"></font></strong></p><p style="color: blue; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; " class="MsoNormal" align="center"><font size="3"><span style="color: blue; "><strong><font color="#ff3300"></font></strong></span></font></p><p align="center" style="color: blue; "><strong><font color="#ff3300"></font></strong></p><p style="color: blue; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; " class="MsoNormal" align="center"><font size="3"><span style="color: blue; "><strong><font color="#ff3300"></font></strong></span></font></p><p align="center" style="color: blue; "><strong><font color="#ff3300"></font></strong></p><p style="color: blue; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; " class="MsoNormal" align="center"><font size="3"><span style="color: blue; "><strong><font color="#ff3300"></font></strong></span></font></p><p align="center" style="color: blue; "><strong><font color="#ff3300"></font></strong></p><p style="color: blue; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; " class="MsoNormal" align="center"><font size="3"><span style="color: blue; "><strong><font color="#ff3300"></font></strong></span></font></p><p align="center" style="color: blue; "><strong><font color="#ff3300"></font></strong></p><p style="color: blue; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; " class="MsoNormal" align="center"><font size="3"><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: blue; " lang="ZH-CN"><strong><font color="#ff3300"></font></strong></span><span style="color: blue; "><strong><font color="#ff3300"></font></strong></span></font></p><p style="color: blue; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; " class="MsoNormal" align="center"><font size="3"><span style="color: blue; "><strong><font color="#ff3300"></font></strong></span></font></p><p align="center" style="color: blue; "><strong><font color="#ff3300"></font></strong></p><p align="center" style="color: blue; "><strong><font color="#ff3300"></font></strong></p><p style="color: blue; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; " class="MsoNormal" align="center"><font size="3"><strong><font color="#ff3300"><span style="color: blue; "></span></font></strong></font></p><p align="center" style="color: blue; " /><p style="color: blue; " /><p align="center" style="color: blue; "><font color="#ff3300" size="3" face="Times New Roman"><strong></strong></font></p><p style="color: blue; " /><p align="center" style="color: blue; "><font color="#ff3300" size="3" face="Times New Roman"><strong></strong></font></p><p align="center" style="color: blue; " /><p style="color: blue; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; " class="MsoNormal"><font size="4"><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN"><strong>《我愛這土地》導讀</strong></span></font></p><p style="color: blue; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; " class="MsoNormal"><font size="4"><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN"></span></font><span><font size="4"><strong>&nbsp;</strong></font><br /></span></p><p style="color: blue; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; " class="MsoNormal"><span><span style="color: rgb(152, 72, 6); ">&nbsp;</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">曹津源</span><span><br /><br /></span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">太陽與土地是最能概括艾青詩歌特色的兩個概念。詩人對於光明、理想和美好生活的熱烈追求，常常借助太陽這一意象得以表現，艾青仿佛是一位誇父，至死不渝地追尋著太陽、光明和理想</span><span>;</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">作為另一麵，與詩人血脈相連的土地也是他一生一世都無法割舍的眷戀。他曾說過</span><span>:“</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">這個無限廣闊的國家和無限豐富的農村生活</span><span>—</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">無論舊的還是新的</span><span>—</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">都要求在新詩上有它的重要篇幅。</span><span>”(</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">《獻給鄉村的詩</span><span>·</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">序》</span><span>)</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">艾青對土地的關注，就是對農民、民族、祖國的摯愛。寫於抗戰爆發後</span><span>1938</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">年的《我愛這土地》就是艾青這種特有的土地情結的代表作。在國土淪喪、民族危亡的緊急關頭，艾青向祖國捧出一顆赤子之心，愛國深情的抒發，波瀾起伏，層層推進。</span><span> <br /><br /></span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">一、點出土地情結。先欣賞起始兩句</span><span>:“</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">假如我是一隻鳥，</span><span>/</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">我也應該用嘶啞的喉嚨歌唱。</span><span>”</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">詩人對土地的酷愛，已到了不知道如何傾訴的地步。於是，他隻能舍棄人的思維語言而借用鳥的簡單樸素的語言傾瀉他的愛情，在詩人看來，這簡單樸素的往往是最真誠熱烈的。形容詞</span><span>“</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">嘶啞</span><span>”</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">，已不能再唱出美麗悅耳清亮動聽的情歌，但這</span><span>“</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">嘶啞</span><span>”</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">的歌聲正能抒發對土地的義無反顧的真誠和執著。於是土地情結的激越歌聲由此響起。</span><span> <br /><br /></span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">二、傾吐土地情結。可分四層。第一層</span><span>:</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">隱喻人民苦難。</span><span>“</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">這被暴風雨所打擊著的土地，這永遠洶湧著我們的悲憤的河流</span><span>”</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">。</span><span>“</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">暴風雨</span><span>”</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">、</span><span>“</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">悲憤的河流</span><span>”</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">這些意象告訴我們，艾青魂牽夢繞地愛著的土地，是布滿痛苦、軀體上有太多凝結成塊的流不動的悲憤的土地。當時日寇連續攻占了華北、華東、華南等廣大地區，所到之處瘋狂肆虐，草菅人命。艾青在《雪落在中國的土地上》有著相似的描寫</span><span>:“</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">雪落在中國的土地上，</span><span>/</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">寒冷在封鎖著中國呀</span><span>……</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">風，</span><span>/</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">像一個太悲哀了的老婦，</span><span>/</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">緊緊地跟隨著</span><span>/</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">伸出寒冷的指爪</span><span>/</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">拉扯著行人的衣襟，</span><span>/</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">用著像土地一樣古老的話</span><span>/</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">一刻也不停地絮聒著</span><span>……”</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">詩人用</span><span>“</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">寒冷</span><span>”</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">、</span><span>“</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">雪</span><span>”</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">、</span><span>“</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">風</span><span>”</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">、</span><span>“</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">封鎖</span><span>”</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">等意象勾勒出扼殺著一個個求生的生命的悲慘處境。兩首詩寫於同一時期，都表現出詩人對人民苦難的深情關注。第二層，隱喻人民反抗。</span><span>“</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">這無止息地吹刮著的激怒的風</span><span>”</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">一句象征著中華民族不屈不撓的反抗精神，神州土地養育了中華民族，也養育了一種堅韌不屈的民族精神。</span><span>“</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">無止息</span><span>”</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">暗寓反抗精神的傳承，</span><span>“</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">刮</span><span>”</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">、</span><span>“</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">激怒</span><span>”</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">表示力量的強大，由悲土地之苦難轉入讚土地的抗爭，詩人的土地情結深了一層</span><span>;</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">第三層，</span><span>“</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">那來自林間的無比溫柔的黎明</span><span>”</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">一句可以看作是鬥爭前景的象征，也可以更</span><span>“</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">實</span><span>”</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">一點，看作是充滿生機的解放區的象征，偉大的民族解放戰爭的象征。總之，詩人的情思已由悲憤、稱頌進入憧憬，表現出堅定的必勝信念，構思又進一層</span><span>:</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">第四層，</span><span>“—</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">然後我死了，連羽毛也腐爛在土地裏麵。</span><span>”</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">詩人沒有沉溺於對</span><span>“</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">溫柔</span><span>”</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">恬靜的</span><span>“</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">黎明</span><span>”</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">的欣賞中，為了自己的愛永遠留給土地，他作出了上述鄭重莊嚴的抉擇。這種獻身精神可以作這樣的詮釋</span><span>:</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">我來自土地而最終歸於土地，這樣，愛才得以升華，得以永恒。這是一種多麽超凡脫俗、悲壯高尚的土地情結啊</span><span>! <br /><br /></span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">三、升華土地情結。第二節的一問一答，詩人由借鳥抒情轉入直抒胸臆</span><span>:“</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">為什麽我的眼裏常含淚水</span><span>?</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">因為我對這土地愛得深沉</span><span>”</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">，太</span><span>“</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">深沉</span><span>”</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">太強烈的土地之愛，已使詩人難以訴諸語言，隻能凝成晶瑩的淚水。</span><span>“</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">深沉</span><span>”</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">一詞也許達不到與實際感情相應的表達強度，於是，其後緊跟的六個沉重的省略，似乎湧動著潛流地火般的激情，更為沉重地叩擊著讀者的心房，激起讀者持續的共鳴。全詩在這問答中達到高潮，那熾熱、真摯的愛國情懷，留下不盡的餘韻</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(152, 72, 6); " lang="ZH-CN">。</span></span></p><p style="color: blue; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; " class="MsoNormal" /><p style="color: blue; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; " class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: rgb(152, 72, 6); "><font face="Calibri"></font></span></p><p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; " class="MsoNormal"><font color="#984806"><br /></font></p></font></font>

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