社會主義模式已經不靈了 (圖)

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古巴領導人卡斯特羅:社會主義模式已經不靈了(圖)

據美聯社9日報道，古巴革命領導人菲德爾·卡斯特羅對一名到訪的美國記者說：“古巴的經濟模式不起作用了”。這是他在四年前因病移交古巴國家領導權後，極少的幾次接受外國記者采訪，對國內事務做出的評價。同時，菲德爾·卡斯特羅的弟弟、古巴現任最高領導人勞爾·卡斯特羅也曾說了同樣的話。

　　美國《大西洋月刊》記者傑弗裏·戈德堡(Jeffrey Goldberg)問菲德爾·卡斯特羅：“古巴的經濟模式是否值得其他國家學習？”菲德爾·卡斯特羅回答道：“古巴的經濟模式連我們自身都已經不再適用。”傑弗裏·戈德堡8日在博客中描述道，菲德爾·卡斯特羅是在和中東的一次長談之後說出這些話的，但是古巴政府並沒有對傑弗裏·戈德堡的言論發表評論。

　　古巴實行社會主義製度，國有經濟超過90%，吃大鍋飯的弊端讓古巴經濟狀況不佳，工人人均月收入20美元，國家提供免費醫療和教育，和接近免費的交通和住房。

　　古巴國務委員會主席勞爾·卡斯特羅上個月提出一係列經濟改革方案，警告古巴人應該更加努力而不是依賴政府，但他也明確表示，這些方案並不代表古巴將拋棄社會主義製度投靠資本主義的懷抱。他宣布，古巴將更新經濟模式，具體表現為政府將放鬆對小企業的控製，裁減國營企業富餘勞動力，允許私營企業提供更多就業機會，允許更多古巴人成為個體經營者。他表示，新出台的經濟措施是古巴社會主義經濟“結構性變化”，旨在“保護、發展”社會製度，讓它“在未來可持續發展”。

http://news.wenxuecity.com/messages/201009/news-gb2312-1160966.html

世界上一些主要通訊社媒體都有報道，包括新華社的官網。這裏是路透社的新聞：

Fidel Castro says Cuban model no longer works

(Reuters) - Fidel Castro said Cuba's economic model no longer works, a U.S.-based journalist reported on Wednesday following interviews with the former president last week.

Jeffrey Goldberg, a writer for the Atlantic Monthly magazine, wrote in a blog that he asked Castro, 84, if Cuba's model -- Soviet-style communism -- was still worth exporting to other countries and he replied, "The Cuban model doesn't even work for us anymore."

The comment appeared to reflect Castro's agreement, which he also expressed in a column for Cuban media in April, with his younger brother President Raul Castro, who has initiated modest reforms to stimulate Cuba's troubled economy.

Goldberg said Julia Sweig, a Cuba expert at the Council on Foreign Relations think tank in Washington who accompanied him to Havana, believed Castro's words reflected an acknowledgment that "the state has too big a role in the economic life of the country."

Such sentiment would help President Castro, who took over from his brother in 2008, against those members of the ruling Communist Party who oppose his attempts to loosen the state's hand, Sweig told Goldberg.

Goldberg wrote in a blog on Tuesday that Castro summoned him to Havana to discuss his recent article about the likelihood of conflict between Israel and Iran, with possible U.S. involvement, over Iran's growing nuclear capabilities.

He said Castro criticized Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad for anti-Semitism and denying the Holocaust.

Castro, since emerging in July from four years of seclusion following intestinal surgery, has become an anti-nuclear weapon crusader expressing concern about the future of the world.

He fears that if the United States and Israel try to enforce international sanctions against Iran for its nuclear activities, nuclear war will break out.

Castro also criticized his own actions during the 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis when he urged the Soviet Union to launch nuclear weapons against the United States, telling Goldberg "it wasn't worth it at all."

During their visit, Goldberg and Sweig went with Castro, at his invitation, to see a dolphin show at Cuba's National Aquarium in Havana.

They were accompanied by local Jewish leader Adela Dworin, who Castro kissed in front of the cameras in a possible message to Iranian leaders, Goldberg said in his Wednesday blog.

Goldberg described Castro as physically frail, but energetic and mentally acute.

(Editing by Mohammad Zargham)