有些美國軍事領導人對杜魯門使用原子彈的決定紛紛提出異議。道格拉斯·麥克阿瑟將軍在戰後一再認為,從軍事角度看,為了迫使日本投降而使用這種炸彈是“完全不必要的”,因為在那時日本無疑已到了徹底崩潰的邊緣。艾森豪威爾將軍、李海海軍上將、金海軍上將、阿諾德空軍上將和英國前首相丘吉爾也持同樣看法。戰後美國戰略轟炸調查處的報告更為明確:“即使不投原子彈,即使俄國不參戰,即使不製定進攻的計劃,日本也是會投降的。”
另外一些科學家和外交家則從政治上著眼來考慮使用原子彈的問題。英國著名物理學家布萊克特說,美國政府搶在蘇聯參戰之前匆忙對日使用原子彈,“與其說是第二次世界大戰的最後一次軍事行動,不如說是現在正在進行的對蘇外交冷戰的最初的主要作戰之一”。美國國務卿貝爾納斯明確地聲明說,亮出原子彈是為了使俄國在歐洲更加馴服。蘇聯學者認為,無論從戰略上或戰術上看,都沒有任何必要使用原子彈。使用原子彈基本上隻帶有政治色彩,目的是為了顯示原子彈威力,以便在解決遠東問題上削弱蘇聯的地位。他們說:“建立美國的世界霸權,是使用原子武器的更大的政治目的。”
THE DECISION TO BOMB HIROSHIMA
Today is the 66th anniversary of the bombing of Hiroshima. Though most Americans are unaware of the fact, increasing numbers of historians now recognize the United States did not need to use the atomic bomb to end the war against Japan in 1945. Moreover, this essential judgment was expressed by the vast majority of top American military leaders in all three services in the years after the war ended: Army, Navy and Army Air Force. Nor was this the judgment of “liberals,” as is sometimes thought today. In fact, leading conservatives were far more outspoken in challenging the decision as unjustified and immoral than American liberals in the years following World War II.
https://www.wagingpeace.org/the-decision-to-bomb-hiroshima/
The Atomic Bombings of Japan Were Based on Lies
BY TAYLOR C. NOAKES
The Opening Act of the Cold War. The Atomic Bombs as a Demonstration of Power
by Brandon Bagley
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