北約聲明：俄羅斯欺騙了全世界

北約聲明：俄羅斯欺騙了全世界
2022-03-03 15:32:56  一本正經的樓哥
前言：俄羅斯突然進攻烏克蘭，已有八天了。俄羅斯為了證明它發動戰爭的正義性和必要性，宣稱它受到了來自北約的威脅，被北約欺騙了。在此，讓我們看看北約組織的正式回應。 譯文： 誤區一：北約向俄羅斯承諾冷戰後不會擴張 事實：從未達成過這樣的協議。自1949年成立以來，北約的大門一直向新成員敞開——這一點從未改變。這一“門戶開放政策”載入北約創始條約第10條，該條規定“任何其他歐洲國家有能力推進本條約的原則並為北大西洋的安全做出貢獻”都可以申請加入。成員資格的決定由所有盟國協商一致作出。美國、歐洲和俄羅斯簽署的任何條約都沒有包含關於加入北約的條款。 1989年，北約擴張超越統一德國的想法並未提上日程，尤其是在華約仍然存在的情況下。米哈伊爾·戈爾巴喬夫（Mikhail Gorbachev）在2014年的一次采訪中證實了這一點：“‘北約擴張’這個話題根本沒有被討論過，那些年也沒有提出來。我這樣說是負有全部責任的。沒有一個東歐國家甚至在1991年華沙條約不複存在之後也沒有提出這個問題。西方領導人也沒有提出這個問題。” 解密的白宮記錄還顯示，1997年，比爾·克林頓 (Bill Clinton)一直拒絕鮑裏斯·葉利欽(Boris Yeltsin)提出的“君子協定”，即任何前蘇聯共和國都不會加入北約：“我不能代表北約做出承諾，我也不是就任何國家而言，我自己將處於否決北約擴張的立場，更不用說讓你或其他任何人這樣做了……北約以協商一致的方式運作。” 誤區二：北約咄咄逼人，對俄羅斯構成威脅 事實：北約是一個防禦性聯盟，其目的是保護我們的成員。北約的官方政策是“聯盟不尋求對抗，不對俄羅斯構成威脅”。北約沒有入侵格魯吉亞；北約沒有入侵烏克蘭。行入侵之實的是俄羅斯。 在過去的30年裏，北約一直在公開地與俄羅斯接觸。我們在從禁毒和反恐到潛艇救援和民事應急計劃等問題上進行了合作——即使在北約擴大期間也是如此。然而，2014年，為應對俄羅斯對烏克蘭的侵略行動，北約暫停了與俄羅斯的務實合作。我們不尋求對抗，但我們不能忽視俄羅斯違反國際規則，破壞我們的穩定和安全。 為應對俄羅斯對烏克蘭動用武力，2016年北約向波羅的海國家和波蘭部署了四個多國戰鬥群。這些部隊並非永久駐紮在該地區，符合盟國的國際承諾，兵力約為5000人。他們不會對俄羅斯100萬強大的軍隊構成威脅。在俄羅斯非法吞並克裏米亞之前，聯盟東部沒有盟軍部隊。 北約仍然願意與俄羅斯進行有意義的對話。這就是為什麽北約秘書長延斯·斯托爾滕貝格邀請北約-俄羅斯理事會所有成員參加一係列會議，討論歐洲安全問題，包括烏克蘭及其周邊地區的局勢、北約-俄羅斯關係以及軍備控製和防擴散問題。 誤區三：烏克蘭不能加入北約 事實：北約盟國歡迎烏克蘭加入北約的願望，他們支持在2008年布加勒斯特峰會上作出的烏克蘭將成為北約成員的決定。 關於加入北約的決定取決於每個申請人和30個北約盟國。其他國家不得幹預。俄羅斯無權幹預，也不能否決這一進程。 像每個國家一樣，烏克蘭擁有選擇自己的安全措施的主權權利。這是歐洲安全的一項基本原則，俄羅斯也簽署了這一原則，包括通過赫爾辛基最終法案（1975年）、巴黎憲章（1990年）、北約-俄羅斯成立法案（1997年）和歐洲憲章安全（1999年）。 誤區四：北約正在包圍並試圖遏製俄羅斯 事實：北約是一個防禦性聯盟，其目的是保護我們的成員國。我們的演習和軍事部署不針對俄羅斯——或任何其他國家。 這個論調也忽略了地理因素。俄羅斯隻有6%的陸地邊界與北約國家接觸。俄羅斯與14個國家有陸地邊界。其中隻有五個是北約成員國。 在北約領土之外，北約僅在科索沃和伊拉克有軍事部署。駐科部隊維和任務是在聯合國安理會授權下執行的。 北約在伊拉克的非戰鬥任務有助於打擊恐怖主義，是應伊拉克政府的要求在充分尊重伊拉克主權的情況下執行的。相比之下，俄羅斯在三個國家——格魯吉亞、摩爾多瓦和烏克蘭——在未經其政府同意的情況下擁有軍事基地和士兵。俄羅斯還在烏克蘭邊境集結了超過100,000名士兵，並威脅要入侵烏克蘭。 誤區五：北約對南斯拉夫、科索沃和利比亞的幹預行動證明，北約不是防禦性的 事實：前南斯拉夫並沒有因為北約而解體。聯盟沒有使用武力改變前南斯拉夫的邊界。從1992年到1995年，北約在波斯尼亞進行了幾次軍事行動，包括實施禁飛區和為聯合國維和人員提供空中支援。這些活動由聯合國安理會授權，俄羅斯是其成員。1995年北約對波斯尼亞塞族陣地的空襲為代頓和平協議鋪平了道路，該協議結束了造成超過100,000人死亡的波斯尼亞戰爭。從1996年起，北約在波斯尼亞領導多國維和部隊，其中包括來自俄羅斯的部隊。歐盟於2004年接管了該任務。 2011年北約領導的利比亞行動是在聯合國安理會 1970年和1973年兩項決議（UNSCR）的授權下啟動的，俄羅斯均未反對。聯合國安理會1973年授權國際社會“采取一切必要措施”以“保護受到攻擊威脅的平民和平民居住區”。這就是北約所做的，得到了地區國家和阿拉伯聯盟成員國的政治和軍事支持。 北約於1999年在科索沃開展行動之前，聯合國和聯絡小組（俄羅斯是其成員）為結束衝突進行了一年多的緊張外交努力。聯合國安理會一再將科索沃的種族清洗和不斷增加的難民人數列為對國際和平與安全的威脅。北約的使命有助於結束大規模和持續的侵犯人權和殺害平民的行為。駐科部隊是北約在科索沃正在進行的維和任務，具有聯合國安理會的授權（UNSCR 1244），並得到貝爾格萊德和普裏什蒂納的支持。 原文： Myth 1: NATO promised Russia it would not expand after the Cold War Fact: Such an agreement was never made. NATO’s door has been open to new members since it was founded in 1949 – and that has never changed. This “Open Door Policy” is enshrined in Article 10 of NATO’s founding treaty, which says “any other European State in a position to further the principles of this Treaty and to contribute to the security of the North Atlantic” can apply for membership. Decisions on membership are taken by consensus among all Allies. No treaty signed by the United States, Europe and Russia included provisions on NATO membership. The idea of NATO expansion beyond a united Germany was not on the agenda in 1989, particularly as the Warsaw Pact still existed. This was confirmed by Mikhail Gorbachev in an interview in 2014: "The topic of 'NATO expansion' was not discussed at all, and it wasn't brought up in those years. I say this with full responsibility. Not a single Eastern European country raised the issue, not even after the Warsaw Pact ceased to exist in 1991. Western leaders didn't bring it up, either." Declassified White House transcripts also reveal that, in 1997, Bill Clinton consistently refused Boris Yeltsin's offer of a 'gentlemen's agreement' that no former Soviet Republics would enter NATO: "I can't make commitments on behalf of NATO, and I'm not going to be in the position myself of vetoing NATO expansion with respect to any country, much less letting you or anyone else do so…NATO operates by consensus." Myth 2: NATO is aggressive and a threat to Russia Fact: NATO is a defensive alliance, whose purpose is to protect our members. NATO’s official policy is that "the Alliance does not seek confrontation and poses no threat to Russia." NATO didn’t invade Georgia; NATO didn’t invade Ukraine. Russia did. NATO has reached out to Russia consistently and publicly over the past 30 years. We worked together on issues ranging from counter-narcotics and counter-terrorism to submarine rescue and civil emergency planning – even during periods of NATO enlargement. However, in 2014, in response to Russia's aggressive actions against Ukraine, NATO suspended practical cooperation with Russia. We do not seek confrontation, but we can’t ignore Russia breaking international rules, undermining our stability and security. In response to Russia's use of military force against Ukraine, NATO deployed four multinational battlegroups to the Baltic States and Poland in 2016. These units are not permanently based in the region, are in line with Allies’ international commitments, and amount to around 5,000 troops. They do not pose a threat to Russia’s 1,000,000 strong army. Before Russia's illegal annexation of Crimea, there were no Allied troops in the eastern part of the Alliance. NATO remains open to meaningful dialogue with Russia. That is why NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg has invited all members of the NATO-Russia Council to a series of meetings to discuss European security, including the situation in and around Ukraine, NATO-Russia relations, and arms control and non-proliferation.  Myth 3: Ukraine cannot join NATO Fact: NATO Allies welcome Ukraine’s aspirations to join NATO and they stand by the decision made at the 2008 Bucharest Summit that Ukraine will become a member of the Alliance. Decisions regarding NATO membership are up to each individual applicant and the 30 NATO Allies. No one else. Russia has no right to intervene and cannot veto this process. Like every country, Ukraine has the sovereign right to choose its own security arrangements. This is a fundamental principle of European security, one that Russia has also signed up to, including through the Helsinki Final Act(1975), the Charter of Paris(1990), the NATO-Russia Founding Act(1997) and the Charter for European Security (1999). Myth 4: NATO is encircling and trying to contain Russia Fact: NATO is a defensive alliance, whose purpose is to protect our member states. Our exercises and military deployments are not directed against Russia – or any other country. This myth also ignores geography. Only 6% of Russia’s land borders touch NATO countries. Russia has land borders with 14 countries. Only five of them are NATO members. Outside NATO territory, the Alliance only has a military presence in Kosovo and Iraq. The KFOR peacekeeping mission is carried out with a United Nations Security Council mandate. NATO's non-combat mission in Iraq contributes to the fight against terrorism and is carried out at the request of the Iraqi government, with full respect for Iraq's sovereignty. In contrast, Russia has military bases and soldiers in three countries – Georgia, Moldova, and Ukraine – without the consent of their governments. Russia also has amassed over 100,000 troops on Ukraine’s border and is threatening to invade Ukraine. Myth 5: NATO's interventions in the former Yugoslavia, Kosovo and Libya prove that the Alliance is not defensive Fact: The former Yugoslavia did not break up because of NATO. The Alliance did not use military force to change borders in the former Yugoslavia. From 1992-1995, NATO conducted several military operations in Bosnia, including enforcing a no-fly-zone and providing air support for UN peacekeepers. These activities were mandated by the United Nations Security Council, of which Russia is a member. NATO air strikes against Bosnian Serb positions in 1995 helped pave the way for the Dayton peace agreement, which ended the war in Bosnia that had killed over 100,000 people. From 1996 onwards, NATO led multinational peacekeeping forces in Bosnia, which included troops from Russia. The European Union took over that mission in 2004. The NATO-led operation in Libya in 2011 was launched under the authority of two UN Security Council Resolutions(UNSCR), 1970 and 1973, neither of which was opposed by Russia. UNSCR 1973 authorized the international community "to take all necessary measures" to "protect civilians and civilian populated areas under threat of attack". This is what NATO did, with the political and military support of regional states and members of the Arab League. NATO’s operation in Kosovo in 1999 followed over a year of intense diplomatic efforts by the UN and the Contact Group, of which Russia was a member, to end the conflict. The UN Security Council repeatedly branded the ethnic cleansing in Kosovo and the mounting number of refugees as a threat to international peace and security. NATO's mission helped to end large-scale and sustained violations of human rights and the killing of civilians. KFOR, NATO’s ongoing peacekeeping mission in Kosovo, has a UNSC mandate (UNSCR 1244) and is supported by both Belgrade and Pristina. 原文鏈接： https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/115204.htm

所有跟帖： 

• 普京憑著狗屎運爬上總統大位，為保權力永遠在手絞盡腦汁，用戰爭屢屢得手，這次入侵烏克蘭看樣凶多吉少。 -Justness- ♂ (0 bytes) () 03/06/2022 postreply 05:33:36

• 這場戰備下來，基本上把中俄的軍事實力扒了個底朝天。西方武器都是現代化的，而中俄還是上世紀的武器。 -Justness- ♂ (0 bytes) () 03/06/2022 postreply 05:43:47

• 就如北約的口頭糾騙, 翻老黃曆有什麽用呢, -英二- ♂ (0 bytes) () 03/06/2022 postreply 06:16:16

• 不知所雲 -Justness- ♂ (0 bytes) () 03/06/2022 postreply 07:17:22

• 你發的東西基本上沒什麽可信度！ -Tiger666- ♂ (0 bytes) () 03/06/2022 postreply 07:19:25

• 大外宣黔驢技窮 -Justness- ♂ (0 bytes) () 03/06/2022 postreply 07:36:35

• 俄羅斯，就是一個很粗魯的國家。 -planet- ♂ (224 bytes) () 03/06/2022 postreply 07:58:55