http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gear_ratio
Torque ratio
A gear train can be analyzed using the principle of virtual work to show that its torque ratio, which is the ratio of its output torque to its input torque, is equal to the gear ratio, or speed ratio, of the gear train.
This means that the input torque TA applied to the input gear GA and the output torque TB" on the output gear GB are related by the ratio
where R is the gear ratio of the gear train.
The torque ratio of a gear train is also known as its mechanical advantage, thus