OrganicRoute有機合成路線2023-07-1720:35鈀碳或鉑碳廣泛應用於不飽和鍵(雙鍵或炔鍵)或硝基類化合物的還原,相對於金屬還原劑(鋅粉或鐵粉),其後處理更為簡單。當底物中含有I,Br,Cl的時候,這個時候還原底物中的官能團的時候,如果使用鈀碳或鉑碳方法,有脫鹵素的風險,這個時候我們往往會求助於鋅粉或鐵粉,PtO2,或Wilkinson等還原或催化還原體係。鈀碳氫化還原體係[
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SkellysolveAisessentiallyn-pentane,b28-30°/atm,SkellysolveBisessentiallyn-hexane,b60-68°/atm,閱讀全文]
PACKINGACOLUMNSimplestepstoclarifyasamplebeforeapplyingittoacolumnwillavoidtheriskofblockage,reducetheneedforstringentwashingproceduresandextendthelifeofthechromatographymedium.Filterorcentrifugeallsolventsandsamplesbeforeuse. RefertoTable6.4tocalculatetheamountofdrymediumrequiredastheextentofswellingdependsuponthesolventsystem.SwellSephadex®LH-20foratleast3hatroomtemperatureinthesolventtobeus...[
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HP-20isapolymericreversephase,soitwillbehaveprettymuchlikeC18intermsofaseparationmechanism.Startwithwater,andrunagradientwithmethanolorethanolasdescribedabove.Onecanuseacids(trifluoro,formic,oraceticacid)ifneededtosharpenpeaks.Forloadingthesample,soundslikeyoursampleissolubleinwatersoaliquidloadisappropriate.
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Youwillknowintheorythatmostelementsnaturallyexistasmixturesofisotopes.Ifyoudidn’tbelieveit,nowyouwill.Chlorineisnormallya3:1mixtureof35Cland37Cl(hencetheobviouslyfalserelativeatomicmassof‘35.5’forchlorine)whilebromineisanalmost1:1mixtureof79Brand81Br(hencethe‘average’massof80forbromine!).Massspectrometryseparatestheseisotopessothatyougettruenotaveragemolecularweights....[
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