High-dose intravenous vitamin C, a promising multi-targeting agent in the treatment of cancer
Abstract
Mounting evidence indicates that vitamin C has the potential to be a potent anti-cancer agent when administered intravenously and in high doses (high-dose IVC). Early phase clinical trials have confirmed safety and indicated efficacy of IVC in eradicating tumour cells of various cancer types. In recent years, the multi-targeting effects of vitamin C were unravelled, demonstrating a role as cancer-specific, pro-oxidative cytotoxic agent, anti-cancer epigenetic regulator and immune modulator, reversing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, inhibiting hypoxia and oncogenic kinase signalling and boosting immune response. Moreover, high-dose IVC is powerful as an adjuvant treatment for cancer, acting synergistically with many standard (chemo-) therapies, as well as a method for mitigating the toxic side-effects of chemotherapy. Despite the rationale and ample evidence, strong clinical data and phase III studies are lacking. Therefore, there is a need for more extensive awareness of the use of this highly promising, non-toxic cancer treatment in the clinical setting. In this review, we provide an elaborate overview of pre-clinical and clinical studies using high-dose IVC as anti-cancer agent, as well as a detailed evaluation of the main known molecular mechanisms involved. A special focus is put on global molecular profiling studies in this respect. In addition, an outlook on future implications of high-dose vitamin C in cancer treatment is presented and recommendations for further research are discussed.
中文摘要
https://www.x-mol.com/paper/1454576632598528000/t?recommendPaper=1365442765557166080
越來越多的證據表明,當靜脈內和高劑量(高劑量 IVC)給藥時,維生素 C 有可能成為一種有效的抗癌劑。早期臨床試驗已證實 IVC 在根除各種癌症類型的腫瘤細胞方麵的安全性和有效性。近年來,維生素C的多靶點作用被揭示,顯示出作為癌症特異性、促氧化細胞毒劑、抗癌表觀遺傳調節劑和免疫調節劑、逆轉上皮-間質轉化、抑製缺氧和致癌的作用激酶信號傳導和增強免疫反應。此外,高劑量 IVC 作為癌症的輔助治療是強大的,與許多標準(化學)療法協同作用,以及減輕化學療法毒副作用的方法。盡管有理由和充分的證據,但缺乏強有力的臨床數據和 III 期研究。因此,需要更廣泛地了解在臨床環境中使用這種極具前景的無毒癌症治療方法。在這篇綜述中,我們提供了使用高劑量 IVC 作為抗癌劑的臨床前和臨床研究的詳細概述,以及對所涉及的主要已知分子機製的詳細評估。在這方麵,特別關注全球分子譜研究。此外,還展望了高劑量維生素 C 在癌症治療中的未來影響,並討論了進一步研究的建議。臨床環境中的無毒癌症治療。在這篇綜述中,我們提供了使用高劑量 IVC 作為抗癌劑的臨床前和臨床研究的詳細概述,以及對所涉及的主要已知分子機製的詳細評估。在這方麵,特別關注全球分子譜研究。此外,還展望了高劑量維生素 C 在癌症治療中的未來影響,並討論了進一步研究的建議。臨床環境中的無毒癌症治療。在這篇綜述中,我們提供了使用高劑量 IVC 作為抗癌劑的臨床前和臨床研究的詳細概述,以及對所涉及的主要已知分子機製的詳細評估。在這方麵,特別關注全球分子譜研究。此外,還展望了高劑量維生素 C 在癌症治療中的未來影響,並討論了進一步研究的建議。