2025發表的pepers; 這裏學院的不少；

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44403-025-00028-x#:~:text=Studies%20have%20demonstrated%20that%20diets,inflammatory%20effect%20of%20refined%20grains.

當然你信啥是你的事情

Key Long-Term Health Impacts

• Metabolic and Insulin Issues:Bleached flour is a highly refined carbohydrate with a high glycemic index. Frequent consumption can cause rapid blood sugar spikes, which over time may lead toinsulin resistanceand an increased risk ofType 2 diabetes.
• Chronic Inflammation:Diets high in refined grains like bleached flour are linked to elevated levels ofC-reactive protein (CRP), a marker forchronic low-grade inflammation. This state is a precursor to weight gain, heart disease, and digestive disorders.
• Nutritional Depletion:The bleaching process (using agents like benzoyl peroxide or chlorine gas) degrades or destroys essential nutrients, includingVitamins E and A. While enriched flours add some synthetic B vitamins and iron back, they often lack the fiber and complex nutrient profile of whole grains.
• Oxidative Stress and Organ Impact:Animal studies have shown that bleaching agents can induceoxidative stressand impair liver enzyme functions.
• Carcinogenic Concerns:Some additives, such aspotassium bromate(used to strengthen dough), are classified as possible carcinogens. While banned in the EU, Canada, and Brazil, it remains legal in the U.S., though many brands now avoid it.