成功的人生和成功的投資還有一個相似的地方:
需要堅持不斷的去做大概率的事情,但是又要避免一些滅頂的小概率事件。-水晶蒼蠅拍
凱利公式的概述
凱利公式是一條可應用在投資資金和賭注的公式。應用於多次的隨機賭博遊戲,資金的期望增長率最高,且永遠不會導致完全損失所有資金的後果。它假設賭博可無限次進行,而且沒有下注上下限。
例如:若一個遊戲有40%(p=0.40)機會勝出,賠率為2:1(b=2),這個賭客便應每次投注(2 × 0.40 - 0.60)/2 = 10%的資金。
在索羅斯的英鎊大戰中,斯坦利建議是投資 100%,老索說太荒唐了,必須是200%。
"That is the most ridiculous use of money management I ever heard," Soros said to Druckenmiller. "What you described is an incredible one-way bet. We should have 200 percent of our net worth in this trade, not 100 percent. Do you know how often something like this comes around?"
What you described is an incredible one-way bet.
老索當時的資金量是10B規模,你真的覺得斯坦利和老索會憑膽子大敢冒險去投資這麽大的資金?他們隻是遵照投資的基本常識做了最佳的投資選擇而已。他們承擔了投資中正常的市場風險,但是沒有任何超出理性投資的不合理風險。單就這個 投資交易而言,P是100%,你說他們在投資中到底承擔了多大的風險。
順便說一下,那個時候,老索整天在東歐鬧革命,並不參與日常投資管理工作,投資研究都是斯坦利等做的,老索隻是偶爾聽聽斯坦利的匯報。
Druckenmiller worked a portfolio manager for Soros' Quantum Fund. He noted that Soros had been spending a majority of his time on philanthropy in addition to running his personal account.
According to Druckenmiller, about 90% of the trades Soros was making were actually his ideas. Soros was crushing Druckenmiller's returns though.
"I'm a competitive person, frankly embarrassing, that in his personal account working about 10% of the time he continued to beat Duquesne and Quantum while I was managing the money," Druckenmiller said. "And again it's because he was taking my ideas and he just had more guts. He was betting more money with my ideas that I was."
很多事情你隻要努力付出了,沒功勞也有苦勞,勤奮會有個基本的收益保障。但投資這行既殘酷又簡單的特征在於,從來不問你付出了多少,而隻看你對不對。這種類別的工作,努力是第二位的,第一位是正確的價值觀和方法論。否則,方向不對,越勤奮越坎坷,越癡迷越瘋魔。- 水晶蒼蠅拍
在去年的股市低潮期時,市場繼續下跌的風險能夠有多大?這個時候的大概的P值是偏高還是偏低?如果投入資金,將來是大概率的可以盈利,還是大概率的會虧損?
在提及29年危機,2000年危機,2008年危機的時候,如果對危機之前股市上漲三倍以上的事實沒有任何的認知和思考,而一味的對市場的波動盲目恐懼,是幼稚和無知的表現,是Ridiculous 。
這個世界上就從來沒有出現過真正成功預測股市頂端的人,你憑什麽能成為這世上第一人?
如果像某些人那樣幾年,也許十幾年如一日的向一個方向預測股市的頂端,就算是到了終於成功的那一天,有任何的意義嗎?