購買房子的過程

有時購買房子的過程是一個相當繁瑣的事情，下麵就介紹一下從查找房子，簽約購買房屋各種協議，檢查各種文檔，貸款，驗房到交接的一步步過程。

如果你從未買過房，這個買房的過程也許是一個挑戰。如果你要買第二個房，也許會更有準備。

你首先要根據自己的情況決定是否真的要買房，還要考慮到擁有一個房子後，有時不完全是享受，還會有些額外的責任和費用，如護理草坪，維護院子，房屋維修和修理等。如果是投資房，還要找租客，找清潔工等。

Buying a home can be a very intimidating process, especially if you've never done it before.

So the first thing you should do before you start the home buying process is to figure out whether owning a home is right for you. It may or may not be and this decision depends on you and what your circumstances are. Take into account that if you do buy a home, there are extra responsibilities and costs that go along with owning a home-such as lawn care, home maintenance and repairs, etc.

 

第 1 步 ︰ 如果你需要貸款，首先查看信用卡的分數，以判斷是否能夠獲得抵押貸款或任何形式的貸款。根據法律，你可以每年收到一個免費的信用報告的副本，網站www.Annualcreditreport.com可以告訴你。信用卡的分數範圍從大約 300 至 850; 一般來說，分數越高，你就越能申請到較好的貸款。

Step 1: Check Your Credit Report & Score

Before getting a mortgage or any kind of loan, you should always check your credit. According to the law, you're allowed to receive one free copy of your credit report per year. You can do this by visiting Annualcreditreport.com. Scores range from approximately 300 to 850; generally, the higher your score, the better loan you'll qualify for. Don't forget to check your report for errors. If there are any, dispute them. It may help your credit score

第 2 步 ︰ 決定買什麽價位的房子

決定你可以負擔得起什麽價位的房子，有些在線工具可以幫助計算。在線抵押貸款計算器 (online mortgage calculators)，可以計算這些費用。別忘了計算首付，交接過戶成本、 費用 （如律師、 評估、 檢驗等費用） 裝修或家具的成本因素。首付越高，你的利息付的就越少。經驗豐富的房屋貸款專家可以幫助您建立貸款方案，計算過戶費用和其他費用。

Step 2: Figure out How Much You Can Afford

You can calculate how much you can afford by starting online. There are several online mortgage calculators that will help you calculate an affordable monthly mortgage payment. Don't forget to factor in money you'll need for a down payment, closing costs, fees (such as fees for an attorney, appraisal, inspection, etc.) and the costs of remodeling or furniture. Remember that you don't always have to put down 20 percent as your parents once did. There are loans available with little to no down payment. An experienced home loan expert can help you understand all your loan options, closing costs and other fees.

第 3 步 ︰ 找到比較合適的按揭貸款和房地產經紀人，最好貨比三家。談至少三個或四個按揭貸款，多問些問題，並確保他們有讓你滿意的答案。

一旦你找到幫你抵押貸款的公司，你至少要先做事先批準（pre-approval）。Pre -Qualifications僅是貸款公司根據你告訴的信息所做的評估，並不能保證一定會貸給你一筆貸款，Pre-Approval 會提供比較精確的貸款數字， 當然房貸公司會要你提供更加詳細的家庭收入和支出信息。有了Pre-Approval，說明你有財力購房，你隨時可以買房子了， 並且賣家很想賣給你。

Step 3: Find the Right Lender and Real Estate Agent

To find the right mortgage lender, It's best to shop around. Get recommendations from your friends and family and check with the Better Business Bureau. Talk to at least three or four mortgage lenders. Ask lots of questions and make sure they have answers that satisfy you. Make sure to find someone that you are comfortable with and who makes you feel at ease.

Once you have the right mortgage lender, make sure you at least get a pre-approval. Pre-qualifications are only a guess based on what you tell the lender and are no guarantee, whereas a Pre-approval will give you a better idea of how big a loan you qualify for. The lender will actually pull your credit and get more information about you. However, you could even take it one step further by getting an actual approval before you start home shopping. That way, when you're ready to make an offer, it will make the sale go much quicker. Besides, your offer will look more appealing than other buyers since your financing is guaranteed.

第 4 步 ︰ 查找合適的房子

就像去超市的購物清單一樣，做一個購房計劃表格，問問你自己需要幾個臥室，幾個浴室，幾個房間在樓上，幾個房間在樓下，你的廚房要多大？你的願望是什麽？你需要大量的衣櫃和櫥櫃空間嗎？你需要為你的孩子或寵物準備一個大院子嗎？

一旦您做出一連串的上述決定，你還要考慮的是你想住在哪個區，你的孩子要去什麽學校，你上下班的時間不要太長，你去購物不要太遠。小區的安全問題，以及房子升值幅度也是要考慮的。

Step 4: Look for the Right Home

Make a list of the things you'll need to have in the house. Ask yourself how many bedrooms and bathrooms you'll need and get an idea of how much space you desire. How big do you want the kitchen to be? Do you need lots of closets and cabinet space? Do you need a big yard for your kids and/or pets to play in?

Once you've made a list of your must-have's, don't forget to think about the kind of neighborhood you want, types of schools in the area, the length of your commute to and from work, and the convenience of local shopping. Take into account your safety concerns as well as how good the rate of home appreciation is in the area.

第 5 步 ︰ 去購買房子

如果你想要你喜歡的房子， 就需要下單去購買。大多數賣家的標價有些高，可以從低於要價的5%開始吧，你可以讓你的房產經紀找出周圍房子的銷售行情，以此決定你要出多少價。你出價後，以為可以穩穩的到手，隻等住新房了，但是往往不是這樣，賣家也許會給你提出一個價格，讓你決定是否接受。你必須來回應這個事情，大家也許會在某個中間的價上達成協議。一旦你決定了接受的價格，你就要交付訂金，向賣家證明你有足夠的購買能力， 這個訂金一般由第三方保管。

買方在達成協議以後一定盡快做房屋檢查，房屋檢驗可以確保房屋的結構可靠， 及時發現大的缺陷， 不管是新房還是舊房，這個都非常重要。買方如果發現房子有缺陷，根據協議的條款，可以撤銷協議，並不損失訂金。

Step 5: Make an Offer on the Home

Now that you've found the home you want, you have to make an offer. Most sellers price their homes a bit high, expecting that there will be some haggling involved. A decent place to start is about five percent below the asking price. You can also get a list from your real estate agent to find out how much comparable homes have sold for. Once you've made your offer, don't think it's final. The seller may make a counter-offer to which you can also counter-offer. But you don't want to go back and forth too much. Somewhere, you have to meet in the middle. Once you've agreed on a price, you'll make an earnest money deposit, which is money that goes in escrow to give the seller a sign of good faith.

第 6 步 ︰ 選擇合適的房屋貸款

市場上有許多不同類型的按揭計劃，首次置業者，應該至少知道下屬三種基本的計劃:可調利率貸款、 固定利率貸款和隻付利息貸款。

Adjustable可調利率抵押貸款 (ARMs) 一般在最初的幾年，通常一至七年的利率是固定的，這幾年以後，利率可以每年向上或向下調整，這取決於市場的走向。屋主如果不想長期持有這個房屋，又想尋找一個較低的利率和付款，可以選擇這個計劃。 當然也可以重新選擇貸款計劃。

Fixed 利率抵押貸款計劃是更加傳統的房貸計劃，通常在 15 年或 30 年，利率是固定的，因此每月付款也是固定的，有時貸款期限長達20 或 25 年，利率都是不變的。

固定和可調利率抵押貸款都有隻付利息的支付計劃。這就是說，你可以隻選擇支付貸款的利息部分。如果你願意，當然你可以支付本金。如果你不用付本金，你會有更多的現金流去做其他。

請向按揭貸款公司或抵押銀行了解哪些抵押貸款更適合您。

 

 

Step 6: Get the Right Mortgage for Your Situation

There are many different types of mortgage programs out there, but as a first-time home buyer, you should be aware of the three basics: adjustable rate, fixed rate and interest-only.

Adjustable rate mortgages (ARMs) are short-term mortgages that offer an interest rate that is fixed for short period of time, usually between one to seven years. After that, the interest rate can adjust every year up or down, depending on the market. These are good for people who don't plan on living in their home very long and/or are looking for a lower interest rate and payment.

Fixed-rate mortgages are more traditional and offer a fixed interest rate (and thus a fixed monthly payment) for a longer period of time, usually 15 or 30 years, though they're available in 20 or 25 year terms. These are good for people who like a predictable payment and plan on living in their home for a long time.

Both fixed and adjustable rate mortgages can have an interest-only payment. What this means is that for a certain amount of time during the loan term, you're allowed to pay only enough to cover the interest portion of your payment. You can still pay principal when you wish, but don't have to if your budget is tight. There is a myth that with interest-only mortgages, you don't build equity. This is not necessarily true, since you can build equity through home appreciation. The benefit to interest-only mortgages is that you increase your cash flow by not paying principal.

Remember to ask your mortgage lender or mortgage banker lots of questions about which mortgage is right for you and your situation.

第 7 步: 過戶交接房屋

有時選擇要買賣雙方都滿意的交接日期可能會有些棘手，但隻要仔細商榷，肯定可以找到讓雙方都滿意的日子。如果租房子，可能必須等待直到你租賃日期到期，賣方也可能等待他們新買房子的交接日期。

請準備好過戶交接的費用，過戶費可能包括 （但不是限於）定金、 保險費、 評估費、 律師費、 檢驗費和買利息率的費用。

Step 7: Close on Your Home

Make sure you get a home inspection before you close. It will be well-worth the money spent since it ensures the property's structural soundness and good condition.

Setting the closing date that is convenient to both parties may be tricky, but can certainly be done. Remember that you may have to wait until your rental agreement runs out and the seller may have to wait until they close on their new house.

Be sure you talk to your mortgage banker to understand all the costs that will be involved with the closing so there are no surprises. Closing costs will likely include (but are not limited to) your down payment, title fees, appraisal fees, attorney fees, inspection fees, and points you may have bought to buy down your interest rate.

第八步 ︰ 搬家

房屋成功成交了，已經屬於你了，現在該搬家了 ！根據你的狀況和東西多少選擇搬家公司還是自己搬家; 也許朋友幫助搬家。 開始拆包，並享受你的新家 ！如果你已經準備好了，買房子並不是麻煩事，你知道什麽該做，何時做。

Step 8: Move In

You've got your mortgage, closed the deal and now it's time to move in! Whether you use a mover or not is up to you, depending on your financial situation and how much stuff you have to move; perhaps also, whether you have a lot of friends willing to help you move. Either way, you're done with the home buying process! Just start unpacking and start enjoying your first home! Buying a home for the first time doesn't have to be a hassle if you're prepared and you know what to do and when to do it. Choose an experienced home loan lender and a friendly, knowledgeable real estate agent-they are the key to helping you have a smooth home buying experience!

 

 

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