股海行舟，風雨同行
記錄投資心得，自勵共勉。
正文
《左傳·莊公十年·曹劌論戰》
十年春，齊師伐我，公將戰。曹劌請見。其鄉人曰：“肉食者謀之，又何間焉？”劌曰：“肉食者鄙，未能遠謀。”乃入見。問：“何以戰？”公曰：“衣食所安，弗敢專也，必以分人。”對曰：“小惠未徧，民弗從也。”公曰：“犧牲玉帛，弗敢加也，必以信。”對曰：“小信未孚，神弗福也。”公曰：“小大之獄，雖不能察，必以情。”對曰：“忠之屬也。可以一戰。戰則請從。”
公與之乘，戰於長勺。公將鼓之。劌曰：“未可。”齊人三鼓。劌曰：“可矣”。齊師敗績。公將馳之。劌曰：“未可。”下視其轍，登軾而望之，曰：“可矣。”遂逐齊師。
既克，公問其故。對曰：“夫戰，勇氣也。一鼓作氣，再而衰，三而竭。彼竭我盈，故克之。夫大國，難測也，懼有伏焉。吾視其轍亂，望其旗靡，故逐之。”
Cao Gui On War
In the spring of the 10th year, the army of Qi invaded our state, and the Duke was about to fight, when Cao Gui requested to be introduced to him. One of Gui’s fellow-villagers said to him: “The flesh-eaters are planning for the occasion; what have you to do to intermeddle?” He replied: “The flesh-eaters are poor creatures, and cannot form any far-reaching plans." So he entered and was introduced, when he asked the Duke what encouragement he had to fight. The Duke said: “Clothes and food minister to my repose, but I do not dare to monopolize them:—I make it a point to share them with others.” “That,” replied Gui, “is but small kindness, and does not reach to all. The people will not follow you for that.” The Duke said: “In the victims, the gems, and the silks, used in sacrifice, I do not dare to go beyond the appointed rules—I make it a point to be sincere.” “That is but small sincerity; it is not perfect—the spirits will not bless you for that.” The Duke said again, “In all matters of legal process, whether small or great, although I may not be able to search them out thoroughly, I make it a point to decide according to the real circumstances.” “That,” answered Gui, “bespeaks a leal heartedness —you may venture one battle on that. When you fight, I beg to be allowed to attend you.”
The Duke took him with him in his chariot. The battle was fought in Chang Shao. The Duke was about to order the drums to beat an advance, when Gui said, “Not yet,” and after the men of Qi had advanced three times with their drums beating, he said: “Now is the time.” The army of Qi received a severe defeat; but when the Duke was about to dash after them, Gui again said, “Not yet.” He then got down, and examined the tracks left by their chariot-wheels, remounted, got on the front-bar, and looked after the flying enemy. After this he said “pursue.” which the Duke did.
When the victory had been secured, and the Duke asked Gui the reasons of what he had done. “In fighting,” was the reply, “all depends on the courageous spirit. When the drums first beat, that excites the spirit. A second advance occasions a diminution of the spirit; and with a third it is exhausted. With our spirit at the highest pitch we fell on them with their spirit exhausted; and so we conquered them. But it is difficult to fathom a great State— I was afraid there might be an ambuscade. I looked therefore at the traces of their wheels, and found them all-confused; I looked after their flags, and they were drooping—then I gave the order to pursue them.”
十年春，齊師伐我，公將戰。曹劌請見。其鄉人曰：“肉食者謀之，又何間焉？”劌曰：“肉食者鄙，未能遠謀。”乃入見。問：“何以戰？”公曰：“衣食所安，弗敢專也，必以分人。”對曰：“小惠未徧，民弗從也。”公曰：“犧牲玉帛，弗敢加也，必以信。”對曰：“小信未孚，神弗福也。”公曰：“小大之獄，雖不能察，必以情。”對曰：“忠之屬也。可以一戰。戰則請從。”
公與之乘，戰於長勺。公將鼓之。劌曰：“未可。”齊人三鼓。劌曰：“可矣”。齊師敗績。公將馳之。劌曰：“未可。”下視其轍，登軾而望之，曰：“可矣。”遂逐齊師。
既克，公問其故。對曰：“夫戰，勇氣也。一鼓作氣，再而衰，三而竭。彼竭我盈，故克之。夫大國，難測也，懼有伏焉。吾視其轍亂，望其旗靡，故逐之。”
Cao Gui On War
In the spring of the 10th year, the army of Qi invaded our state, and the Duke was about to fight, when Cao Gui requested to be introduced to him. One of Gui’s fellow-villagers said to him: “The flesh-eaters are planning for the occasion; what have you to do to intermeddle?” He replied: “The flesh-eaters are poor creatures, and cannot form any far-reaching plans." So he entered and was introduced, when he asked the Duke what encouragement he had to fight. The Duke said: “Clothes and food minister to my repose, but I do not dare to monopolize them:—I make it a point to share them with others.” “That,” replied Gui, “is but small kindness, and does not reach to all. The people will not follow you for that.” The Duke said: “In the victims, the gems, and the silks, used in sacrifice, I do not dare to go beyond the appointed rules—I make it a point to be sincere.” “That is but small sincerity; it is not perfect—the spirits will not bless you for that.” The Duke said again, “In all matters of legal process, whether small or great, although I may not be able to search them out thoroughly, I make it a point to decide according to the real circumstances.” “That,” answered Gui, “bespeaks a leal heartedness —you may venture one battle on that. When you fight, I beg to be allowed to attend you.”
The Duke took him with him in his chariot. The battle was fought in Chang Shao. The Duke was about to order the drums to beat an advance, when Gui said, “Not yet,” and after the men of Qi had advanced three times with their drums beating, he said: “Now is the time.” The army of Qi received a severe defeat; but when the Duke was about to dash after them, Gui again said, “Not yet.” He then got down, and examined the tracks left by their chariot-wheels, remounted, got on the front-bar, and looked after the flying enemy. After this he said “pursue.” which the Duke did.
When the victory had been secured, and the Duke asked Gui the reasons of what he had done. “In fighting,” was the reply, “all depends on the courageous spirit. When the drums first beat, that excites the spirit. A second advance occasions a diminution of the spirit; and with a third it is exhausted. With our spirit at the highest pitch we fell on them with their spirit exhausted; and so we conquered them. But it is difficult to fathom a great State— I was afraid there might be an ambuscade. I looked therefore at the traces of their wheels, and found them all-confused; I looked after their flags, and they were drooping—then I gave the order to pursue them.”
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