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退休賬戶是自雇或小生意老板(Small business)避稅的一部分。
自雇退休賬戶有幾種,各有利弊,在IRS 560裏有很詳細的說明,http://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-pdf/p560.pdf 俺這裏隻是給大家一個總結,具體還是根據各自的情況各取所需吧。
1. SEP-IRA
Works well for business owners who prefer to provide a retirement benefit to all employees (including themselves) by making employer contributions.
雇主:可以給雇員或自己放25%工資 up to $51000 whichever is less。
雇員:個人可以放T-IRA的上限($5500 or $6500 if 50+)。
自雇可用雇主和雇員雙方的限製,但是雇主自給的限製和給員工的略有不同,請參考560.
2. SIMPLE IRA
Great starter plan that encourages contributions from employees.
雇主:3% match upto $12,000 whichever is less.
雇員:$12,000 ($14,500 for employees age 50 or older).
自雇可用雇主和雇員雙方的限製,雇主給員工的match 有2種選擇。
3. Individual 401(k)
Excellent method to maximize tax deferral. Can contribute as employer and employee.
雇主和雇員upto $51000.
自雇可用雇主和雇員雙方的限製。
4. Small Plan 401(k)
基本上和大公司的401K一樣,必須要有雇員,不能用於自雇。就不多說了。
俺自己2013用了SEP IRA,2014 準備用I-401K。