孫子兵法1:4-5 中英譯文

4. 天者，陰陽、寒暑、時製也。

(2) 天：代表日夜之時辰、陰晴之氣候、寒暑之冷熱、以及季節之變換。

(2) Heaven: represents day or night time, cloudy or clear weather, cold or hot condition, and seasonal alternation.

 

5. 地者，高下、遠近、險易、廣狹、死生也。

(3) 地：代表地形之高低、距離敵陣之遠近、地勢之危險或安全、戰場之大小、以及地理條件對勝利敗亡的影響。

(3) Earth: stands for the elevation of landform, the distance away from enemy, terrains prone to danger or security, the area size of battlefield, and the geographic setting likely to win or lose.

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