片言隻語看董橋——董橋散文中的英語十例
(2007-07-11 08:59:47)
下一個
朋友推薦董橋的散文,我本來對這種老學究式的文章缺乏耐心看下去,殊不知董先生中英文都棒,行文灑脫流暢,語言優美,所以就不知不覺就一口氣讀了下去。
董先生善於引經據典,古今中外無所不包。讓人印象最深的還是他引用的英文短語,可謂雋永深刻,叫人頓獲啟發。自然,董先生的翻譯也是一絕,他能將原句中文化和曆史的韻味近乎完美地展現在中國讀者麵前:
1、Make thy books thy companions;let thy cases and shelves be thy pleasure grounds and gardens. 董譯:“以書為友,視滿架圖書為樂園花圃。”我等普通翻譯匠的水平可能就是:將你們的書作為你們的伴侶,把你們的書架和書櫃變成快樂的家園。
2、It is not at all suitable for people of great quality to be very learned, but highly necessary for them to know the world and be able to deal with people, and they can't learn that from books but only from experience. “才藝之士不宜太過飽學,反而不可不諳世故、通人情;人情世故書中學不到,全靠閱曆。”其中,“才藝之士”,“不諳世故、通人情”均十分達意而又雅致。
3、 “在開往倫敦的火車上,一男在看一疊文稿,一女的一眼瞥見了那疊文稿,就和男的搭起訕來。她說真不好意思,看他的文稿,但又不習慣沒東西可讀,像赤身裸體似的。男的說,那我就借點東西給遮一遮,雖然他倒覺得女的裸得有格調。”("Forgive me looking," she said. "but I am not used to being without something to read. It's like being naked." "Allow me to lend you something to cover your nakedness, though I must say you wear it with a good deal of style.")這是典型的英國人的幽默,很難翻譯。Wear it 是雙關(pun),既可以是“wear something”也可以是“wear nakedness”——什麽都不穿也很有格調—— 譯得真有格調!
4、Words, sentences, paragraphs that call much attention to themselves are not doing the job they are intended to do. While the reader is paying them due reverence, he is likely to ignore the message they were meant to convey. “文章裏誘人的一字、一句、一段,往往隻顧引人入勝而不守本分,讀者於是歎為觀止而忘其所以。”董先生的文字固然引人入勝,但讀者絕不會僅僅著迷於文字的色彩而忽略了字裏行間豐富的內涵。
5、Vigorous writing is concise. A sentence should contain no unnecessary words, a paragraph no unnecessary sentences, for the same reason that a drawing should have unnecessary lines and a machine no unnecessary parts. This requires not that writer make all his sentences short, or that he avoid all detail and treat his subject only in outline, but that every word tell. “鏗然有力之文必簡潔。一段之中無贅句,猶如丹青無冗枝,機器無廢件。此說不求作者下筆句句精短,摒棄細節,概而述之;但求字字有著落耳。” 這段翻譯真是“鏗然有力”,簡潔明快。不過,“every word tell”譯成“字字有聲”是否更貼切些?
和情與性有關的幽默往往都會成為經典,中英文均不例外:
6、An archaeologist is the best husband any woman can have; the older she gets, the more interest he is in her. “婦女以考古學家為夫婿最妙,佳人愈遲暮,彼對之興趣愈濃矣。”再鬥膽改最後一句:“彼之情愈癡矣。” 哈哈,男人都因該學考古,則社會和諧矣!
7、 “戰後美國弗吉尼亞州裏茲蒙市雕了一座戰時首相丘吉爾的雕像。丘翁親臨觀禮。有一位身材健美的女士對他說,她天一亮就開車趕了百英裏路來看他的胸像的揭幕禮。”(Mr. Churchill, I want you to know I got up at dawn and drove a hundred miles for the unveiling of your bust.)丘吉爾連忙說:“夫人,我想讓你知道,我非常樂意回敬一下。”(Madam, I want you to know that I would happily reciprocate the honour.)如果隻看中文,很難體會到丘吉爾的幽默,因為“ bust”既是胸像,又可指婦女的胸部,而關鍵的“reciprocate”一詞則是“用同樣的方式回報”,“回敬”並不準確,可見翻譯之難。
8、“ 英文說I miss you very much, 那是客套;說I miss you,有點真情;去掉一個字,就miss you,簡直是甜甜的悄悄話。”
漢語也有異曲同工之妙。
馮鞏每次春晚都說:“親愛的觀眾們,我想死你們啦!”這是北京油子耍貧嘴,想到死,也就不想了。“親愛的觀眾朋友,我想你們”有點像倪萍大媽的煽情,“想你!”那隻能是子怡小妹妹嗲嗲的越洋電話中的喃喃細語。
9、 “英國下議院裏的男廁有一道長長的解手槽,工黨黨魁艾德禮有一天先一步進去解手,保守黨議員丘吉爾跟著進來。丘翁看清形勢,馬上走到最遠的地方去 小便。艾德禮說:‘我知道你我是政敵,可是,我們實在不必把歧見帶進男廁來’(Winston, I know we are political opponent, but we don't have to carry our differences into the gentlemen's lavatory.)。丘吉爾回答說:‘你們這些社會主義信徒一見到任何粗壯堅實的玩意,馬上就要政府去約束它、管製它,煩透了。’”(Clement, the trouble with you Socialists is that whenever you see anything in robust and sturdy condition you want the government to regulate it.)
政治家和政客的區別一目了然!
10、 “法國文豪大仲馬一生放浪形骸,既不自律也不律人,還讓自己寵愛過的尤物和兒子相好。有一天兒子抱怨說:你總是把舊情人送給我睡,把新皮靴交給我穿鬆了才給你穿,悶死人了!大仲馬曰:爾當視此為殊榮,證明爾一樁偉岸,雙腿秀窄也。”(You should look on it as an honor. It proves you have a thick organ and a narrow foot.)
妙哉!董先生乃是一筆偉岸,文字秀窄也!
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董橋的文字,往好了說,仿佛塗鴉癖乾隆的字,甜膩。仿佛甜點,吃一口,有滋味。吃幾口,倒胃口,壞牙齒。比如:“筆底斑駁的記憶和蒼茫的留戀,偶然竟滲出一點詩的消息。”比如:“窗竹搖影,野泉滴硯的少年光景揮之不去,電腦鍵盤敲打文學的年代來了,心中向往的竟還是青簾沽山,紅日賞花的幽情。”其實寫這種東西,用不著董橋。我見過幾個以寫青春美文出名的東北糙漢,經常在《希望》、《女友》之類的時尚雜誌上發文章。聽說冬天三個星期洗一次澡,夏天兩個星期洗一次澡,腋臭撲鼻,鼻毛濃重。他們張口就是:“紫色的天空上下著玫瑰色的小雨,我從單杠上摔了下來,先看見了星星,然後就看見了你。”
----《你一定要少讀董橋》,馮唐
原文地址http://www.china.com.cn/chinese/feature/501566.htm