自然雜誌發表的最新研究:最成功和最有影響力美國人來自非常小範圍的精英教育背景

本帖於 2024-12-10 18:21:22 時間, 由普通用戶 youtub 編輯

The most successful and influential Americans come from a surprisingly narrow range of ‘elite’ educational backgrounds

In a new paper, we study higher education of the American “elite”. Across 30 groups, we examined a set of 34 “Elite” schools. We found a “Harvard effect” of about 80 times base rate expectations:

The most successful and influential Americans come from a surprisingly narrow range of ‘elite’ educational backgrounds | Humanities and Social Sciences Communications

The highest-achieving figures in politics, business, academia, and the media dominate public discourse and wield great influence in society. Education—perhaps especially at “elite” colleges and universities—may lie at the heart of the divide between the general public and these top achievers. In this paper, we build a new data set for the American “elite” and systematically examine the link between selective schools and outstanding achievements. In Study 1, across 30 different achievement groups totaling 26,198 people, we document patterns of attendance at a set of 34 “Elite” 34 schools, the 8 Ivy League schools, and Harvard University in particular. In Study 2, we surveyed 1810 laypeople to estimate how well they are aware of the key empirical facts from Study 1. We found that exceptional achievement is surprisingly strongly associated with “elite” education, especially obtaining a degree from Harvard, and the general public tends to underestimate the size of this effect. Attending one of just 34 institutions of higher education out of the roughly 4000 in the U.S. appears to be a critical and surprising factor separating extraordinary achievers from others in their fields.

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