中產階級的定義

來源: flywhc 2010-07-29 17:09:10 [] [博客] [舊帖] [給我悄悄話] 本文已被閱讀: 次 (2861 bytes)
Wikipedia:

The middle class are any class in the middle of a societal hierarchy. In Weberian socio-economic terms, the middle class is the broad group of people in contemporary society who fall socio-economically between the working class and upper class. In Marxist terms, middle class commonly refers to either the bourgeoisie before or during capitalism, or some emergent new class within capitalism. In common parlance, middle class refers to a set of culturally distinct contemporary Western cultures that emphasize consumerism and property ownership within capitalism.

就是在工作階層和上層社會之間的一個階層。在馬克思主義理論裏是通常指的是無論是在資本主義或資產階級之前,或在一些新興資本主義裏的新階級。通常指西方資本主義社會中強調消費主義和擁有財產的文化

The common measures of what constitutes middle class vary significantly between cultures. In urban India, for example, a family is considered middle class if it resides in an owner-occupied property. In the United States, many families where the primary income-earner is employed in a blue collar job consider themselves middle class。In the United Kingdom their equivalents would likely be termed working class, because the level required to be middle class is commonly believed to be set much higher - and may include private schooling for children, ownership of a sizeable family house, luxuries such as family skiing holidays, and the main income-earner either holding a senior role in the professions or themselves being an owner/director of a corporation.

不同文化中衡量中產階級的標準可以是非常不同的。在印度城市中,自己有房就被認為是中產階級了。在美國許多家庭主要收入者是藍領的也認為自己屬於中產階級。而在英國這種階層的應該被稱為工人階級(working class),因為通常認為中產階級所需要的水準被設得高得多 - 可能包括小孩上私立學校,有很大的family house,奢侈假期例如一家人去滑雪,主要的家庭收入者做高級專職,或者擁有/管理企業


Professional-managerial class
……
This group of middle class professionals are distinguished from the rest of the class by training and education (typically business qualifications and university degrees), with example occupations including academics and teachers, social workers, engineers, managers, nurses, and middle-level administrators.



在中國,2005年國家統計局根據人均GDP和購買力平價給出中産階級的家庭年收入在6萬至50萬人民幣之間的結論

根據香港政府統計處的定義,每個月收入1萬至4萬港元的住戶列為中產住戶,這類住戶占了整體住戶數目的55%。

就收入而言,美國的通產家庭年收入在3至20萬美元的即可認爲屬於中産階級,據估計大約80%的美國人屬於中産階級。



個人覺得英國的middle class其實應該是小資產階級,而不是通常意義上的中產階級
senior role of professionals —— 那senior engineer算不算呢?這可是一大把的到處都有,我公司的同事大多都是這個級別以上的。可是在倫敦還是買不起大house啊。

所有跟帖: 

討論這個有啥意義?各國標準不同,自我滿足或失落一把? -KKwxc- 給 KKwxc 發送悄悄話 (303 bytes) () 07/29/2010 postreply 18:25:28

那還要找個也能賺錢的老婆,光靠自己的收入難以達到啊 -flywhc- 給 flywhc 發送悄悄話 flywhc 的博客首頁 (24 bytes) () 07/30/2010 postreply 02:49:13

這個的確沒有定論,也討論不出什麽結果。;p -馭風而行- 給 馭風而行 發送悄悄話 (0 bytes) () 07/30/2010 postreply 01:03:41

英國的標準很明確,注意與working class的區別 -peterwanginwxc- 給 peterwanginwxc 發送悄悄話 (89 bytes) () 07/30/2010 postreply 03:09:24

這本書談英國中產階級,值得一看 -talktone- 給 talktone 發送悄悄話 talktone 的博客首頁 (1299 bytes) () 07/30/2010 postreply 04:38:06

wiki很多東西,隻能作參考,不是很嚴謹 -talktone- 給 talktone 發送悄悄話 talktone 的博客首頁 (188 bytes) () 07/30/2010 postreply 04:52:55

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