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Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart: Clarinet Quintet in A major, K581
Karl Leister, Clarinet
Brandis Quartet:
Thomas Brandis, Violin I
Peter Brem, Violin II
Wilfried Strehle, Viola
Wofgang Boettcher, Cello
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Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's Quintet for Clarinet and Strings, K. 581 (sometimes referred to as the Stadler Quintet), was written in 1789 for the clarinetist Anton Stadler. Although originally written for basset clarinet, it is almost always played on a clarinet in A or B-flat. It was Mozart's only completed clarinet quintet, and is one of the earliest and best-known works written especially for the instrument. It remains exceptionally popular today due to its lyrical melodies, with the second movement the best known.
There are a number of similarities between this quintet and Mozart's Clarinet Concerto. Both are in the same key of A major and were written for the same soloist, Anton Stadler. Both pieces are written for the basset clarinet which has an extended lower range. Also, the first theme of the first movement of each piece begins with a falling minor third. Both the second movements are in the same key (D major) and have similar characters, although they have different tempo markings. There is a direct quotation of two bars in the clarinet line in the second movement of the Concerto of that in the Quintet.
Mozart also wrote a trio for clarinet, viola and piano for Stadler, the so-called Kegelstatt Trio, in 1786.
Alfred Einstein (Mozart: His Character and Work, page 194) notes that while the clarinet "predominates as primus inter pares" (first amongst equals) this is nonetheless "chamber music work of the finest kind" and the roles are distributed more equally than they would be in a more concertante quintet for wind and strings.
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