1. liability insurance, this is minimal insurance requried by law. You have to carry liability insurance, in the event of your causing an accident, your liability insurance pays to the damaged party.
This insurance does not pay for your own damage.
2. uninsured motorist insurance, in case the other driver doesn't have liability insurance, this insurnaces pays you if you are hit by an uninsured motorist.
3. collision: this insurance pays your own damage when you are at fault. Without this insurance, if you caused an accident and wrecked your car, you have to pay for your own car repair.
3. comprehensive: this insurance pays for your damage caused by theft, flood, fallen trees, etc, any non-driving related damage.