Testifying
When you are called to testify, you move to the front of the courtroom near the judge and the clerk has you swear to tell the truth. You must tell the truth when testifying. Lying in court is a crime called perjury, and you can be sentenced with a jail term. If you make a mistake, tell the lawyer who subpoenaed you and they will make sure your error is corrected in court.
The lawyers will start with some simple questions about you and try to determine what you know about the alleged crime. Make sure your answers are based on what you actually saw and heard, and not on what you think probably happened - it's ok to say that you don't know. Do not give opinions unless one of the lawyers asks you to.
It can be difficult to testify in court; usually the accused is in the courtroom, and you could be asked questions that make you uncomfortable such as the details of the alleged crime. The judge decides whether or not you have to answer the lawyers' questions. If you refuse to answer a question that the judge allows, you can be found in contempt of court and sent to jail for a short time. Most criminal proceedings are open to the public, and your testimony is recorded on the court transcript.
Be polite. It can be stressful testifying, and the opposing lawyers can sometimes seem aggressive and picky. Remember it is their job to test the evidence! If you get upset or confused, you can ask the judge for time to calm down.
Don't talk about your testimony with anyone until you testify. You can talk to other people about the case you have finished testifying, but if it is a jury trial you cannot speak to any member of the jury at any time. If anyone tries to get you to alter your testimony, tell the prosecutor or the police right away. Harassing or attempting to influence a witness is a crime punishable by up to 10 years in jail.
