Backgrounds are moderate. Ph.D from europe (ca. 10 papers, DIY) and US (<10 papers, hired a lawyer) and a few citations (guess < 10). postdoc in state univerisities. The mistakes were that they did not treat the RFE seriously given that people of similar backgrounds got approvals quickly (one NIW was approved within a week at NSC). The lesson is that you should alway treat a paper tiger as a real tiger.