中英美三國波茨坦宣言
一九四五年七月二十六日發表
(一)餘等美國總統、中國國民政府主席及英國首相,代表餘等億萬國民,業經會商並同意對日本提出勸告,予以一機會以向三國無條件投降,免日本全體人民遭受戰爭之慘禍。
(二)三國陸海空部隊已增強多倍,其由西方調來之軍隊及空軍即將予日本以最後之打擊。彼等之武力受所有聯合國之決心之支持,對日本全麵作戰,不至其停止抵抗不止。
(三)德國無效果及無意識抵抗全世界自由人民之力量所得之結果彰彰在前,可為日本人民之殷鑒。此種力量,當其對付抵抗納粹時,不得不將德國人民全體之土地工業及其生活方式摧殘殆盡。但現在集中對付日本之力量則較之更為龐大不可衡量,吾等之軍力加以吾人之堅決意誌為後盾,若予以全部使用,必將使日本軍隊完全毀滅,無可逃避,而日本之本土亦終必全部殘毀。
(四)時機業已到來,日本必須決定一途:其將繼續受其一意孤行計算錯誤而將日本帝國陷於完全毀滅之境之軍人統製?抑或走向理智之路?
(五)以下為吾人之條件,吾人決不許更改,亦無其他另一方式。猶豫遷延,更為吾人所不容許。
(六)欺騙及錯誤領導日本人民使其妄欲征服世界者之權威及勢力必須永久鏟除,蓋吾人堅持非將負責之窮兵黷武主義驅出世界,則和平安全及正義之新秩序勢不可能建立。
(七)直至如此之新秩序成立時,及直到日本製造戰爭之力量業已毀滅而有確實可信之證據時,日本領土須經盟國之軍隊予以占領,俾吾人在此陳述之基本目的得以完成。
(八)開羅宣言之條件必將實施,而日本之主權必將限於本州、北海道、九州、四國及吾人所決定其可以領有之小島在內。
(九)日本軍隊在完全解除武裝以後,將被允許其返鄉,得以和平從事生產生活之機會。
(十)吾人無意奴役日本民族或消滅其國家,但對於戰罪人犯(包括虐待吾人俘虜者在內)將處以法律之裁判。日本政府必須將阻止日本人民民主趨勢之複興及增強之所有障礙予以消除,言論宗教及思想自由以及對於基本人權之重視必須成立。
(十一)日本將被許維持其經濟所必需及可以償付賠款所需要之工業,但可以使其重新武裝作戰之工業不在其內。為此目的,可準其獲得原料(別於統製原料)日本最後參加國際貿易關係當可準許。
(十二)上述目的達到時,日本得依人民自由表示之意誌成立一保障和平及負責之政府,屆時三國占領之軍隊即撤退。
(十三)吾人勸告日本政府立即宣布所有日本武裝部隊無條件投降,並對此種行動誠意實行予以適當之各項保證。除此一途,日本即將迅速完全毀滅。
(據中國第二曆史檔案館館藏中文抄本)
The Potsdam Declaration
On July 17, 1945, leaders of the Soviet Union, the United States and the United Kingdom held a conference in Potsdam outside Berlin, to discuss, inter alia, how to completely defeat the Japanese fascists after Nazi Germany’s surrender, Japan was issued an ultimatum on July 26, which was known as the Potsdam Declaration. The document was drafted by the United States, and released with the approval of China.
The Declaration declared that all the Allied Nations were poised to continue their strikes against Japan until it ceased to resist, and that the government of Japan must immediately proclaim the unconditional surrender of all Japanese armed forces. It reaffirmed that the terms of the Cairo Declaration should be carried out, and that Japanese sovereignty should be limited only to the islands of Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu, Shikoku and such minor islands as the Allies determined. It also declared that the Japanese military forces should be completely disarmed, and that stern justice should be meted out to all war criminals.
The Potsdam Declaration and the Cairo Declaration contain interlocking provisions of international law that unequivocally affirm the legal basis for the return of Taiwan and other Chinese territories stolen by Japan from China.