IAEA 標準肯定考慮了排放後，附近的人每年受輻射的計量低於標準設定的數字。 但IAEA有沒有考慮海洋中的生物在接受輻射後，又被人吃下去而產生的輻射劑量？要是有個很喜歡是海鮮的人，吃到這些被汙染的海洋生物後，每年的所有內輻射是否會超標。 這些是很難算出來的，要模擬也很不好模擬。
當然這屬於很專業的內容了，IAEA 的專家們肯定是想過這些。
核輻射致癌是不爭的事實，而且核輻射致癌沒有一個閾值，基本原則是越高致癌風險越高。 當然，自然中本來就有本底輻射，來自宇宙射線，來自大地中的岩石。 中國有些地區的本底輻射量還不小。
IAEA對日本排放的報告規定日本要對人的一生中（70歲前）因為排放的原因接受內外放射的總量負責任。
In order to ensure the proper protection of future generation, the Task Force decided to corroborate that the dose commitment, rather than the dose incurred, is the fundamental quantity for determining compliance with the international safety standards. The fundamental quantity for assessing doses shall be the dose due to external exposure in a year plus the committed dose from intakes of radionuclides in that year. This means that the total annual dose calculated is that received over a lifetime (assumed to be until the age of 70) from intakes of radionuclides due to the ALPS treated water that is discharged to the sea in an assigned year.
至於釋放的氚對環境的影響，報告中說：
There are three main sources of natural tritium on earth: production in the atmosphere by cosmic rays; production in the atmosphere by energetic particles originated from solar coronal mass ejections; and direct accretion from the sun. Tritium produced by natural processes on earth is rapidly converted into HTO, which then enters the global hydrological cycle. The annual production of tritium due to natural processes is estimated to be around 280 grams, with annual production varying between 220 to 330 grams due to the variation in the intensity of cosmic due to the solar cycle variations.
The average value of 280 grams in a year corresponds to the activity in the order of 100 PBq (100,000 TBq) in a year. The global inventory of tritium is estimated to be about 2,000 PBq (2,000,000 TBq). The limit on the amount of tritium in the treated water to be released each year is 22 TBq. This is about 5,000 2 6 times lower than the annual production on the planet due to natural processes, and much less than the variation from year to year in the annual production.
The tritium natural background level in the Pacific Ocean is in the range of 0.1-1 Bq/L. The ocean dispersion modelling conducted by TEPCO indicates that concentrations of tritium above natural background concentrations will be limited to within 3 km of the discharge point at FDNPS. The concentration is much lower than the natural background level at the boundary of the model simulation range (490 km x 270 km), the maximum value being 0.00026 Bq/L, which is three to four orders of magnitude lower than the natural background level.
https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/iaea_comprehensive_alps_report.pdf
