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College Essay係列(三十四):哈佛AA案改變的文書主題

(2023-09-09 07:11:00) 下一個

文書在哈佛招生違憲案後

2023-24對於每本申請來說,是一個文書大變革之年。

Harvard defends admissions policy before Supreme Court – Harvard Gazette

6月29日,SCOTUS判決哈佛的Affirmative Action招生違憲。7月3日,凸某發過一段預判,內容如下:

哈佛被判違憲後何去何從?

最高法院判決哈佛招生違憲,指的是其招生體係使用種族因素不當,產生明顯不公,且沒有限度。哈佛的最直接應對有兩個。

第一,將T.O.政策永久化,即永久test optional。使用標化的人,高分對申請更加重要。不使用標化的人,低分就更加不重要。哈佛申請pool裏,標化和無標化的比例是4:1。無標化比例將會繼續深化,即標化有無之間達到2:1。

第二,將更多利用文書來區分申請者是否符合哈佛的價值觀。這個價值觀,當前看來就是社會公平。哈佛會在年度之間搖擺其價值分配,讓任何單一價值下無長期固定分配,再有訴哈佛的人,就找不到充分證據了。

先說這麽多吧。三和四,還不能明說。

8月1日,包括哈佛在內的各大美本紛紛公布了各自在2023-24申請季的新Supp Prompts。從遣詞造句的角度,多數人看不出這次更新的深意。但朽石君看後,倒吸了一口熱氣。對於文書,他們真的這麽幹了。

2023文書的更新,不能僅僅從詞句看,而是要放在曆史變革的角度衡量。眾所周知美本的申請文題prompts,是十年(或者最少5年)不變的。上一次變化,還是因為疫情效應。2021年申請季,Common App首先更新了六個文題,去掉“Describe a problem you solved”一題,換上了“Reflect someone something you are thankful”一題,意在引導出申請人的更多正能量思維。各大美本紛紛跟進更新了Supp文題。比如Yale Supp裏的“Your satisfaction”題、Princeton Supp裏的“Your joy”題、 Dartmouth的“what excites you”一題,以及隔年後的Upenn的“Thank you note”一題。

除了這些正能量文題之外,這一年還出現了新的Community和Identity主題的文題。紐約的Columbia,在它的Short Answer Questions裏,加入了題麵最長的一題:

Columbia students take an active role in improving their community, whether in their residence hall, classes or throughout New York City. Their actions, small or large, work to positively impact the lives of others. Share one contribution that you have made to your family, school, friend group or another community that surrounds you. (200 words or fewer)

哥大Community prompt是關於Community的專題的話,而JHU是把Community融進了background interest和identity三個關聯主題中。JHU把原來唯一的Supp 文題“Collaboration with others“更換如下:

Founded on a spirit of exploration and discovery, Johns Hopkins University encourages students to share their perspectives, develop their interests and pursue new experiences. Use this space to share something you’d like the admissions committee to know about you (your interests, your background, your identity or your community) and how it has shaped what you want to get out of your college experience at Hopkins. (300-400 words)

經過2021-22年的一輪更新之後,2022-23年申請季的Supp相對穩定,隻有前一年度年沒有跟進過的美本在這一年跟進更新了一下主題罷了。請注意,即使疫情這麽大的事,這麽多的院校更新主題的時候,Harvard、Stanford和MIT卻紋絲不動。T3就是個雨打不濕風吹不動的鐵三角。

本來可以穩定幾年的文題,被2023年6月底的高法判決打破。盡管Common APP的文題保持不變(因為它的文題確定在2月份),哈佛率先變動Supp文題,把十年未變的、不限字數的“Essay of choice”換成如下:

Harvard has long recognized the importance of enrolling a diverse student body. How will the life experiences that shape who you are today enable you to contribute to Harvard?

西岸的斯坦福,也感受到了不得不變的壓力,把“what’s meaningful to you”一題換做如下:

Please describe what aspects of your life experiences, interests and character would help you make a distinctive contribution as an undergraduate to Stanford University.

這時候,審視一下 T30 大U和 T10 LAC,更新Supp文題的學校占絕大多數。凸某在這裏就不去羅列各家更新的情況了,你隻要知道Supp還沒變過,大概就隻剩下MIT,Berkeley和安娜堡。

什麽是2023-24這一輪Supp文題更新的關鍵詞呢?朽石君總結一下:

  • You是這一輪更新裏的最高詞。作為申請人的You,自古以來就是大學重點了解的對象。這麽看You的高頻似乎正常。但這一次更新的語境中,You其實是一Your的格式與一下其他詞匯搭配出鏡的。也就是說,學校關心的可能不是你心中固有的You,而是他們心中想要的那幾種You。哪幾種呢?
  • Life experienceinterestbackgroundcommunity,這四個詞是與Your搭配出鏡的高頻詞。有的學校更直白一點,就說identity或者racialgender identity吧。有時候還加上個Religious identity出來。如果你以前是禁止過在文書裏討論宗教,那麽現在可以relax了,如果真有一個信仰的話。
  • Diversity也是一個頻出的詞匯。但這一詞似乎很早就出現在美本的文書價值中了。誰沒有給夢校寫過diverse student body就是自己最愛的話呢。但這一次的diversity,或者說從這一次開始diversity就有了更加具體和專屬的意義了。

哈佛的更新中,沒有出現的關鍵詞還有兩個,social justice和equality。他不說,其實是不便。畢竟,挑明了的話,這兩詞就會成6萬人都有的成分了。那,還怎麽定向篩選錄取呢?

把今年Supp更新的關鍵詞所追求的主題,放進時間軸的角度去看,下麵這張圖更加清晰了:

關鍵詞更新了,那麽文書到底要寫成什麽樣,才能金榜題名呢?

凸某帶你讀讀2022-23的十篇新科哈佛文書的意境吧。放下他們在純文字本身的可取舍之處不去品論,我們隻看主題故事元素扣中的關鍵詞,除了諸如Diversity、Identity和Life Experience,以及Environment這樣的Progressive價值詞匯外,主題裏最高頻出現的概念是Immigrant 和 1st Gen,遠遠高於僅僅一年前的那十篇文書:

  1. Economic Equality: A boy of working-class family in a small rural town in New Hampshire writes life experience of father-son mowing others’ lawns while studying to succeed in school.
  2. Curiosity in Nature: A boy from Orange County writes learning experience from a wilderness program, a less popular academic choice, and growing appreciation of the Earth system and one of universe.
  3. 1G Asian Girl Learning: An 1G immigrant girl writes early learning from grandfather’s butterflies and growing appreciation and preservation of nature in a poetic language.
  4. 1G Lebanese Girl Life Experience: An 1G Lebanese girl from south of Boston area writes her lemonade selling experience on summer streets, while her laymounada (lemonade) runs out of lemon.
  5. 1G Ethiopian Girl Reading Experience: 1G Ethiopian Girl writes cross-generational family reading experience inside Barnes & Noble, growing appreciation of opportunities in America.
  6. 1G Cuban Girl Living Diversity: 1G Cuban girl writes growing up experience of her back yard, hosting and mixing a diversity of her neighboring kids from Irish, Italian, and Cuban cultural backgrounds.
  7. Hispanic Girl Music Identity: A Hispanic girl writes her name and chamber music experience, making a uniqueness through staying in unison with others.
  8. 1G Sikh Boy Life Identity: 1G Sikh boy writes first-in-lifetime haircut at age of 17, something he dared not to claim identity in facing the family’s religion and others in his Sikh community.
  9. Girl of Storytelling: A girl growing up with a love on storytelling writes discovery of her writers’ community and poem teaching extra-curriculum activities.
  10. Working-Class Girl on Diversity: A girl from working class family writes about color, through which she grew appreciation of and found connections with others’ perspectives.

上麵這十篇原文,大家可以Google去搜”10 Successful Harvard Application Essays 2023”去找到在哈佛校報上的原始出處。

總結一下這篇的核心意思。既然不能再直接以種族標簽來定性定量地決定錄取,那麽剩下可以允許包含這些信息的最好的地方,就是文書了。除了種族之外,還有民族、性別、取向、宗教或者邊緣文化等內容,也可以成為文書主題的內容。雖然今年的文題才更新,哈佛非常重視文書中的這些價值概念了。

明年,會有更多美本在文書主題裏加上這些明確的關鍵詞的。對了,這裏隻說了開頭說的第三點和第四點,那有會是什麽呢?

凸某說了這麽多supp新文題,今年作為申請者的你,也該想好今年的文書裏寫什麽了吧。

歡迎來我的博客挖掘更多美本申請的底料。

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