個人資料
正文

新加坡總統 談自由

(2023-11-17 17:22:53) 下一個

An investigative interview: Singapore 50 years after independence - 45th St. Gallen Symposium

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hpwPciW74b8&ab_channel=

 

have access to a whole world of information on the Internet it's an extremely open Society there's no doubt about it we are
11:31
unconventional in requiring in our laws that we have the right of reply when
11:37
foreign Publications publish something that we feel is false or misleading we just have the right of reply and when
11:42
Publications as you know very well uh refuse to publish a reply we impose
11:48
restrictions on them that affect the advertising revenues unconventional you might not agree with it but the larger
11:54
point is this I think we all need some humility
12:00
we all need some humility on the ways that best Advance a
12:05
liberal order to take Lord Griffith point this morning a liberal order economically socially and politically we
12:12
all need some Liberty some some humility as to how we achieve that not just for
12:17
today but for tomorrow how do you sustain it how do you best sustain it the most thoughtful observers in the
12:26
west of the view that you need some buffers you need some margins of safety
12:31
and you need some compromises on some Liberties in order to achieve others and the a free me the freest
12:40
possible media is not the only Liberty we aspire to I I do think it's a good idea by the way it appeals to my ideals
12:47
but it's not the only Liberty you aspire to you do aspire to a liberty of being
12:52
able to walk the streets freely particularly you're a woman or a child at any time of the night you aspire to
12:59
the liberty or living in a city that's not defined by its most disorderly elements you aspire to the liberty of
13:07
having an opportunity for an education and a job regardless of your race or your social background and you aspire to
13:13
Liberty or practicing your own religion without fear of bigotry or discrimination those are very important
13:20
Liberties in many societies and they're lacking in many societies well I I I think we're getting into a very
13:25
interesting area and Singapore to me is the sort of um body politic which we in
13:32
the west struggle to Define in a way because maybe we have a slightly sort of simplistic binary approach to this we
13:38
either want you know we look at free societies like I suppose mine or Western
13:44
European or the US models we would say free societies and then we would look at a a China for example and we'd say a a
13:51
not free Society you know they have capitalism of of A Sort but they certainly don't have democracy and we'd
13:58
say not free and dysfunctional politically you sit in neither Camp
14:04
unfor as far as we're concerned we can't really pigeon hole you but here's a thought for you maybe your system is
14:12
coming to A A Crossroads or a turning point because the digital age is changing things somewhat you know the
14:18
information flows and the the top- down approach that your Society has taken perhaps don't fit so easily into a
14:24
digital age and I just wonder you know when there are theories about the relationship between uh political
14:31
economy and Innovation and long-term sustainable economic Success Through
14:38
Innovation whether Singapore is going to have to change and whether the authoritarian model if you don't mind me
14:43
using that word is going to have to be reviewed and fundamentally adapted what
14:48
do you think so uh lean you would never have
14:55
expected that Singapore would remain what it is today forever uh I don't
15:01
expect and I don't think any of my colleagues in government expect it's going to remain this way forever it has to
15:06
evolve we start with the cards we are dealt with we start with history shapes
15:12
choices and the history I described briefly ear earlier on did shape choices it shaped social social choices it
15:19
shaped political choices but we must never be trapped by our history we have to keep evolving and it is it is a
15:27
worthy ideal to Aspire for a system where individuals
15:33
are well educated are good judges for thems of the information they read on
15:38
the Internet or on the media are able to make their own minds up I think that's a very that's a worthy idea to to to
15:44
Aspire towards but how do we do it in a way that's self- sustaining and to to
15:49
think that you simply if all forces are let loose whether it's the media or anything else that you're able to
15:55
achieve the Liberties that matter most to people safety freedom of of of religious belief
16:03
the freedom to Aspire in life and Achieve what you want through hard work those are very important Liberties but
16:08
simplistically put is there going to be room for more individualism in Singapore
16:14
yes it's in the future so if you look at Singapore today compared to not even 50 years ago 10 years ago it's a vastly
16:21
different place it's a vastly different place singaporeans are educated
16:28
discerned skeptical and critical people they know what's what there's no doubt about it
16:35
and Singapore continues to evolve it's a function of course of the fact that we've had some success in education it's
16:41
a function of the fact that as you say it's a digital world it's an open world so there's no doubt about it but let's
16:47
not think that we are all moving teleologically towards that destination that you now see in the United States or
16:53
UK we'll all have to evolve and we all need some humility as to so how we
16:59
progress democracy but will Singapore always be the kind of society where the government says ultimately you can't
17:06
live there because the quota for your particular ethnic grouping has already been reached you've got to go and live there is it going to be that kind of
17:12
society forever that's uh imponderable I think it'll be naive to think that uh
17:18
you can lift it and people will be will automatically gravitate towards uh
17:23
diverse uh neighborhoods and you won't in fact get the reverse because if you look at the most advanced democracies
17:30
that's exactly what's happened you have you have in the United States you have in France you have in
17:35
Germany you have even in the United Kingdom in the United Kingdom half the Muslim population lives in your bottom
17:42
10% of neighborhoods did it happen because of some random
17:49
chance or does it happen because that's the natural workings of society we have to address these facts honestly and
17:58
realize realiz that look human beings aren't perfect everyone has biases discomforts a sense of liking or
18:04
distrust for each other and there is a role of government and elected representatives to unify people and it
18:11
doesn't happen through speeches it means you need mechanisms you need instruments
18:17
they mustn't be too constraining on individual choice but you do need to constrain something and do you end up a
18:23
better Society or don't you that's the test not whether the government is right do you end up a society that people feel
18:30
more comfortable in that's the real test I'm I'm it's easy to talk about Singapore but quite frankly this is a
18:37
challenge we all face oh absolutely I mean listen I I know full well that the
18:42
sorts of issues that come out of of making uh an ethnically diverse Nation
18:49
work are extremely important to a whole bunch of Nations far beyond Singapore not at least my own but but it seems to
18:56
me you are now facing some of the problem that are other nations have have faced for quite a long time let's talk a
19:03
couple of specifics one immigration big issue in Singapore today in fact one could argue it's one of
19:08
those issues which is is prompting a new kind of very active passionate debate
19:14
where opposition is actually you know coming out onto the streets using the internet in ways that we haven't seen before because your government looks at
19:22
the demographics of Singapore looks at the need to keep growth going and thinks you know our own people aren't having
19:27
many babies is we are going to have to manage continued immigration into the country to the tune of I think by 2030
19:35
the plan was to turn a population of what 5.3 million into 6.9 million not a
19:40
plan but there were it wasn't a plan it was moted anyway and it drew an awful lot of opposition from native
19:46
singaporeans uh so what are you going to do you know you've got you've got this problem you need the numbers but
19:52
immigration like in so many nations around the world is now a hot and difficult political issue what are you
19:58
going to do so it's a it's a challenge that uh many countries face and small countries face it more than others
20:03
Switzerland faces it in a very um uh pointed way another small country that
20:08
um uh not only needs people for the sake of numbers but its companies need talent
20:14
and specialized skills to compete internationally but we are a society we are not just uh s Gallen uh or sto guard
20:23
or San Diego we are a country we are a nation and that means it has to be a
20:28
nation that people feel is their own it's got to have social mores and uh a
20:34
tone that people feel is Singaporean but with an openness that allows us to take
20:39
advantage of the skills and expertise and track records in networks or
20:45
foreign foreign foreign individuals so staying open but remaining Singaporean
20:52
at the core is what we have to achieve s a matter of balance what are you
20:57
actually bring in this new uh what 30% of your population by 2030 or not so we
21:03
we already at onethird of our Workforce that is foreign and we hope to keep it there as long as we can without letting
21:09
it rise indefinitely and that's uh something we Implement through Labor Market rules we've got levies we've got
21:15
Kar and so on uh but you you can't have a free-for all you can if you are one
21:21
city in a larger country but we are a country by ourselves and you need a balance and integrating foreign in our
21:28
society is just as important as thinking about the numbers just as important as
21:34
thinking about the qu quantity uh you've got to integrate people as well as you can and Singapore have to feel that yes
21:40
this is my country but I'm proud to be working in a worldclass team now another challenge you face uh
21:47
is on the size of government you know you've talked already with me about the
21:53
uh Investments made in housing for example uh and that's going to increase I know it's a huge part part of 

[ 打印 ]
閱讀 ()評論 (0)
評論
目前還沒有任何評論
登錄後才可評論.