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Re. 請教大家一個疑難病,多謝了

(2007-06-12 18:21:09) 下一個

----------------------------The case as posted-------------------------------
劉小毛情況介紹
劉小毛,男,10歲。身高134cm 體重26kg
多飲、多尿3年餘。
於2004年9月無明顯誘因被家長發現經常口渴,飲水量大,尿的次數多,查尿常規未發現異常,電解質正常,血糖正常,血漿滲透壓277mosm/L(275-305),未在意,後發現此現象呈持續性無緩解,並有加重,遂於2006年2月行顱腦MRI檢查示“空碟鞍及神經垂體未發育”,於2006年4月前往北京協和醫院和天壇醫院進一步行甲胎蛋白(AFP)和促絨毛膜性腺激素B(B-HCG)檢查無異常,T3為2.1ng/ml(0.66-1.92),T4、FT3、FT4、TSH3及Tup均在正常範圍內,PRL10.2ng/ml(0-25),皮質醇(F)15.75ng/dl(4.0-22.3),24hr尿遊離皮質醇(UFC)12.39ug/24h(12.3-103.5),電解質正常,尿常規示尿比重(SG)為1.003(1.005-1.030),天壇醫院會診中心診斷意見為:多飲多尿原因待查①空蝶鞍②四疊池異常病灶(MRI讀片意見)。並建議給予彌凝0.1mgqd口服,3天後尿量由每天5000ml左右降到2100ml左右。此後繼續服用維持,未發現藥物不良反應。於2006年10月複查MRI(平掃+增強)報告“空碟鞍及神經垂體未發育。鬆果體增大”,繼續觀察,曾嚐試停藥未成功,服用中藥方劑替代,有一定效果,但出現性早熟的表現(外生殖器明顯增大,陰毛出現);停中藥後尿量再次增多。於2007年5月複查MRI平掃報告“部分空蝶鞍”,複查上述檢驗項目均在正常範圍。
問題:
1、診斷?是否為神經垂體未發育?還是空蝶鞍壓迫所致?
2、是否一定需要藥物控製尿量?可否維持液體平衡即可?
3.有無更好的治療方案?
4、鬆果體經過觀察,無明顯改變。此處病變可否引起尿崩?
5、還會不會引起其他後果?
6、中樞性尿崩症國外有什麽好的治療方案?
7、是否需要終身服藥?
8、是否會隨年齡增長而發育好?
9、為什麽成人吃一段時間彌凝片後可減量,小孩一減量尿的次數就增多。

--------------Answer...................

my 2 cents, without looking at his brain MRI...

1. 診斷 is the key. So they think there is a lesion is the quadrigeminal plate cistern, or the pineal region, as reported in different MRI exams. How big is the lesion? Is there enhancement after contrast (增強)? Is there also suprasellar/hypothalamic lesion besides the "empty sellar"? This is the key for this case. His series MRIs need to be looked at by a neuroradiologist or neurosurgeon. Given the symptoms of central diabetes insipidus AND precocious puberty, I suspect this is a case of Germinoma, with other differential diagnosis depending on the MRI exams. I can not say either way without his MRIs.

2. 是否一定需要藥物控製尿量?可否維持液體平衡即可?----Minirin or 彌凝 which is just a structural analogue of the natural pituitary hormone arginine vasopressin. It works on the kidneys and only treat the symptoms. In theory and a perfect condition, the answer is yes.

3.有無更好的治療方案?---- it depends upon the correct diagnosis. Germinoma is highly radiosensitive, potentially curable.

4、鬆果體經過觀察,無明顯改變 -- is it??? 此處病變可否引起尿崩?---- in pediatric pineal region lesions, germinoma is known to have associated suprasellar lesion or subependymal involvement which can cause all his symptoms.

5、還會不會引起其他後果?---- depending upon the correct diagnosis.

6、中樞性尿崩症國外有什麽好的治療方案?7、是否需要終身服藥?8、是否會隨年齡增長而發育好?9、為什麽成人吃一段時間彌凝片後可減量,小孩一減量尿的次數就增多。
 ---------- see number 5.

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