車價背後：第一輪戰鬥 --- 敵樂費用清單詳解

你忙著砍價，砍的是車價。等合同拿過來，敵樂還會加上不少虛頭八腦的項目，變著花樣把價錢找回來。所以砍價是兩個部分：車價，和出門價(OTD, or 車價+closing cost)。

所以，砍車價以前，以前，以前......先做好功課，搞清楚問明白closing fee清單和價位。

你鐵定要交的錢一般是5大項：

1. 討價還價後同意的單車價(看你的本事啦，多數是地區銷售平均價。另外看購買方式，可能是全額，也可能是先期付款down payment)，

2. 給政府的title和注冊費(各州差異很大，但各地基本數字固定)，

3. 給各級政府的稅(各州差異很大，但也是各地基本比例固定)，

4. 沒有餘地的Destination charge(這個經常混合在車價裏，不另外區分。但在合同上應該是單獨一項。砍價前明確是否包括在車價裏。Destination charge都是汽車廠家給的固定數字，運輸費，可以查詢到，800刀上下)。

5. 文件費(填滿一大堆紙，總得收點"高級"紙錢吧)。

剩下其他的出門費用，都要仔細斟酌和竭力鬥爭。

下邊是consumerreports.org 提供的買車額外費用清單，非常重要，供參考。相關文章網上很多，就不一一羅列了。

Car buying Closing fees

Fee	What it's about
UNAVOIDABLE
Documentation fee	A modest charge of $50 or less for processing documents that establish your title and registration is reasonable. Question anything higher than $100.
Guaranteed Auto Protection (GAP) insurance	A must for leased vehicles. It covers the difference between your payments over the life of the lease and the residual value of the vehicle in case it is stolen or totaled in an accident.
Title and registration	Let the dealership handle the formalities of establishing you as the new owner of the vehicle and obtaining temporary tags. Expect the dealer to pass along what the state charges—typically between 1 percent and 3 percent of the vehicle’s cost—plus a documentation fee.
Sales tax	Some states calculate tax on the full price of the car, but most figure tax on the difference between the price of the new car and the trade-in, if appropriate.
Destination charge	A standard charge that covers shipment of the vehicle. Question any secondary “delivery fee” that’s listed on the contract.
MAYBE
Advertising charge	Increasingly common, regional dealer cooperatives assess fees to support promotional efforts. If this charge shows up only at the closing, contest it. But you may end up having to pay.
Extended warranty	Extra coverage for major repairs that may be needed after the manufacturer’s warranty expires. It’s your call. But if you do buy one, we recommend getting coverage backed by the vehicle manufacturer or an established third-party company. You don’t have to buy on the spot; take your time to compare contracts.
Additional dealer markup	Sometimes added to hot-selling models for additional profit. You can contest this, but if the model is in high demand, the dealer may not have any incentive to work with you.
AVOID PAYING
Dealer preparation fee	Most manufacturers pay dealers to remove the coatings and coverings that protect the vehicle during shipment and to clean up the car for you. There is no justification for you to pay the dealer again for this service.
Credit life insurance	Your survivors will be able to pay off the vehicle if you die before your payments end. Term life insurance is cheaper, but make sure it’s enough to cover loan payments.
Disability insurance	Covers your car payments if you are unable to work because of a disabling accident or extended illness. You may already have disability coverage through your employer; if not, you can purchase it more cheaply elsewhere.
Pinstriping	Expensive tape that a detailing shop can put on for you at a lower price than the dealer can.
Rustproofing/undercoating	Today’s vehicles are manufactured to withstand corrosive weather and road conditions, so you will not need to pay for additional treatment by the dealership.
VIN etching	This is an anti-theft measure in which the vehicle identification number (VIN) is etched into the glass. Some states require that dealers offer it to you, but none require that you buy it. It can be done less expensively elsewhere or even by yourself with a $25 kit.
Fabric protection	This is just expensive Scotchgard. Just say no.
Paint sealant	It is little more than a vastly overpriced liquid wax you can easily purchase from an auto-supply shop for $10 or less.
Security/anti-theft system	An alarm or theft-recovery device can reduce your car insurance premium. But the high price you pay for a dealer-installed system will likely negate any such discount.

Last reviewed: February 2011

www.consumerreports.org

Car Buying Advice