曹鵬指揮上海樂團管弦樂隊演繹
馬思聰《第二交響曲》
Sicong Ma: Symphony No. 2 (1958–59)
Shanghai Philharmonic Orhestra
Peng Cao, Conductor
馬思聰（1912年5月7日－1987年5月20日），中國廣東海豐縣人，中國作曲家、小提琴家與音樂教育家。被譽為“中國小提琴第一人”。他於1937年創作的《思鄉曲》，被認為是中國20世紀的音樂經典之一。
馬思聰早年曾赴法國巴黎求學，並在後來考入了法國的巴黎音樂學院，主修小提琴。1932年初，馬思聰由法國回到中國。此後陸續創作了《搖籃曲》、《綏遠組曲》、《西藏音詩》、《牧歌》等多部著名音樂作品。1949年12月，馬思聰被中華人民共和國政務院任命為中央音樂學院的首任院長。
1966年6月，文化大革命開始後，馬思聰遭到了造反派的批鬥。1967年1月15日晚，馬思聰與夫人王慕理、次女馬瑞雪和兒子馬如龍出走香港，後由美國駐香港領事陪同飛抵美國。同年5月，在康生和謝富治的示意下成立的“馬思聰專案組”（又名“002號專案組”）開始對馬思聰出走的經過進行調查，株連馬家親屬數十人。1968年，馬思聰被定為“叛國投敵分子”，這一罪名直至1985年才得以平反。1987年5月，馬思聰在美國接受心髒手術時手術失敗，於5月20日逝世於美國費城，得年75歲。
馬思聰的《第二交響曲》始作於1958年秋，完成於1959年，1961年7月由作曲家本人指揮中央樂團首演於北京。這部當年罕見的“無標題”作品，在構思方麵受毛澤東的詞《憶秦娥·婁山關》影響，以中國工農紅軍艱苦卓絕的革命鬥爭為題材，通過三個不間斷演奏的均為奏鳴曲式的樂章，形象地刻畫了特定曆史條件下的紅軍戰士形象。與傳統意義上的交響曲不同，作曲家一反常規地將莊重哀傷的第二樂章直接插到緊張激動地第一樂章的展開部與再現部之間，使得第二樂章成了第一樂章展開部中的一個大插部。之所以如此謀篇布局，作曲家完全是根據作品題材內容的需要，用如此的結構來表現紅軍戰士在對死難戰友哀悼之後，擦幹身上的血跡又重新投入到激烈的戰鬥中。
The Second Symphony of Chinese composer and violinist Ma Sicong (1912-1987), whose name is sometimes also rendered as Ma Sitzon. A native of Heifeng in Guangdong province, Ma became one of the first of his compatriots to become a professional violinist when he followed his older brother's example and traveled to France at the age of eleven to study music at the conservatories of Nancy and Paris. His skill as a violinist and composer of violin music became legendary and he was known in China as the "King of the Violinists". After the People's Republic of China was establish, Ma became the director of the China Central Conservatory of Music. In 1958, he served on the jury of the first International Tchaikovsky Competition in Moscow (that was Van Cliburn's annus mirabilis). However, when the Cultural Revolution broke out in 1966, Ma and his colleagues at the conservatory fell into disfavour for teaching and playing Western-style classical music; they were all rounded up and sent to a reeducation camp, and their families were harassed by authorities. In 1967, Ma and his family managed to escape to Hong Kong, after which they settled in the United States permanently. Ma remained in exile for the rest of his life.
Ma's Second Symphony was composed in 1958-59, and ostensibly, it takes as its subject the struggles of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army. The composer claimed that there is a connection between his music and the poem "Loushan Pass" by Mao Zedong; however, the music can be also interpreted abstractly rather than programmatically. The vigorous first movement makes use of the Phrygian mode and it is in a fairly traditional sonata form. The second theme is derived from "Tian Xin Shun", a folk song from north Shaanxi. After reaching a climactic moment of great intensity, the music transitions smoothly into the slow, sombre second movement, which bears some resemblance to a funeral march; it is an expression of mourning for fallen comrades-in-arms. However, the battle theme soon emerges again as the Army returns to the fray. The third and final movement is jubilant and lively, as the Army celebrates its victory. At one point the soldiers begin dancing the yangge, a popular rural folk-dance. In the end, a grand coda introduces a new heroic march theme that brings the work to a close.
1. Allegro agitato -
2. Adagio maestoso -
3. Allegro
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